Wydanie 338(44)4 2017

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https://oa.zut.edu.pl/handle/20.500.12539/701

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Przeglądaj Wydanie 338(44)4 2017 wg Autor "Department of Animal Science, UTP University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz"

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  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The mycological status of green forages and silages from a mixture of legumes with grasses and whole crop maize
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2017) Dorszewski, Piotr; Grabowicz, Małgorzata; Department of Animal Science, UTP University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz; Department of Animal Science, UTP University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz
    The number of fungi (yeasts and moulds) in silages is the determinant of their hygienic quality. The research material was green forage from a mixture of legumes and grasses and whole crop maize. The study was conducted in 2012‒2014. Each year, green forages of a 2nd swath of a legume-grasses mixture being in 3-year field crop were ensiled. The green forages from maize of the same hybrid, cultivated according to the principles of crop rotation, were ensiled in wax stage. Chopped green forages was compacted and ensiled in minisilos with a capacity of 8654 cm3, which were opened after 6 weeks. In order to determine the number of moulds and yeasts in green forages and silages, mycological analysis was performed in accordance with PN-ISO 21527-1 : 2009. The mycological status of ensilaged green forages was bad. The number of moulds of the green forages of the legume-grasses mixtures was from 5.4225 (3rd year) to 5.4472 lg cfu ・ g‒1 (1st year), and yeast was at level from 4.9977 (3rd year) to 5.5792 lg cfu ・ g‒1 (1st year). Moulds in whole crop maize occurred in the number of 4.6514 (1st year) to 6.4928 lg cfu ・ g‒1 (2nd year), while yeast from 6.6710 (2nd year) to 7.2657 lg cfu ・ g‒1 (1st year). Silages had significantly (P ≤ 0.001) less fungus than in green fodders. The hygienic quality of silages from the legume-grass mixtures was good in each year of the study. The number of mould and yeast did not exceed 3 lg cfu ・ g‒1. Silages from whole crop maize had bad hygienic quality. Only in the silage of the 3rd year of the study, the presence of mould at a level of 1.7940 was noted, but yeast amounted to 6.2810 lg cfu ・ g‒1.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The quality and aerobic stability of silages from a mixture of legumes with grasses with a chemical and microbiological additives
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2017) Dorszewski, Piotr; Grabowicz, Małgorzata; Department of Animal Science, UTP University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz; Department of Animal Science, UTP University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz
    The best way of preserving wet roughage is ensiling. However, fermentation which is performed improperly can lead to obtaining poor quality silage. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a chemical preservative and a microbial additive containing lactic acid bacteria, including Lactobacillus buchneri, on the chemical composition, quality and aerobic stability of silages. The experimental material was wilted (302.8 g dry matter ・ kg‒1) green forage from the second swath of a mixture of legumes with grasses in the first year of use which was ensiled in cylindrical experimental polyvinyl chloride (PVC) minisilos with a capacity of 8654 cm3. Three types of silage (in 4 minisilos each) were made: control without additive, with a chemical additive and with an inoculant. The chemical preservative consisted of a mixture of acids: 22.5‒27.5% lactic acid; 26.2‒33.7% phosphoric acid; 3.8‒5.1% formic acid; 3.8‒5.1% propionic acid ‒ dosage 6 l ・ t‒1 of green forage. The Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lcb. casei, Lcb. buchneri, Pediococcus pentosaceus bacteria contained a microbiological additive in the amount of 15 ・ 109 cfu ・ g‒1 of the preparation - dosage 150 g ・ t‒1 of green forage. The ensilability of green forage was evaluated, a chemical composition analysis of silage was performed and their qualitative parameters were determined ‒ pH, N-NH3 to Ntotal, content of lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acids was determined. The stability of silage under aerobic conditions was also evaluated. The ensilability of the green forage was middle. The silage with a chemical additive contained more dry matter, lactic acid and acetic acid, and less acid detergent fibre (ADF) than the control silage. The silage with the inoculant contained more dry matter, nitrogen-free extracts (NfE), lactic acid and acetic acid, and less crude fat and crude fibre, butyric acid and ADF compared to the silage without additives. The additives did not improve the aerobic stability of silage from the legume-grass mixture.