Przeglądaj wg Autor "Bogucki, Mariusz"

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  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Behaviour of calves
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2017) Neja, Wojciech; Jankowska, Małgorzata; Bogucki, Mariusz; Krężel-Czopek, Sylwia; Zielińska, Sylwia; Ozkaya, Serkan; Department of Cattle Breeding, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz; Department of Cattle Breeding, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz; Department of Cattle Breeding, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz; Department of Cattle Breeding, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz; Department of Cattle Breeding, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz; Department of Animal Science, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
    The activity of calves depends mainly on the way they are housed and not on their age. Because compromised welfare early in life may affect the profitability of future production, calves need to be fed colostrum after birth because their digestive tract is not physiologically active. Calves nurse their dams 7 times per day on average (for up to 70 minutes in total). Weaned calves are generally fed twice per day. Calves have the strongest sucking need between 4 and 5 weeks of age. Several-day-old calves that are housed in separate pens and artificially fed, spend around one-fifth of the day foraging or eating. Cattle have well-developed sense organs. The animals use their senses for foraging, spatial orientation, and social contacts. Cattle normally walk, and trot when frightened. Young calves often indulge in galloping, kicking with hind legs. During disease, the behaviour of calves considerably differs from normal. They respond differently to the environment, their appetite decreases, with changes in thirst, and sometimes in external appearance. Inadequate welfare levels lead to abnormal forms of behaviour, which are reflected in problems adapting to the environment (Kokocińska and Kaleta 2016).
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Microstructure of the Masseter Muscle (Musculus Masseter) in Cattle
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Bogucka, Joanna; Bogucki, Mariusz; Frymarski, Michał; Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Cattle Breeding, UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Poland
    The aim of the study was to examine the microstructure of the masseter muscle (musculus masseter) in slaughter cattle depending on sex and age. The experiment used 40 cattle (7 cows more than 5 years old, 12 heifers and 21 bulls less than 24 months old). Following slaughter, muscle samples were collected and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Frozen samples were to cut into 10 μm sections on a cryostat. Next, the sections were placed on a glass slide and stained for NADH-TR activity to identify oxidative (βR) and glycolytic (αW) muscle fibres. Age and sex of cattle had a significant effect on the diameter of muscle fibres. Older animals had a greater diameter of both fibre types. In females βR and αW fibres had a greater diameter than in males. The masseter muscle contained a greater percentage of oxidative compared to glycolytic fibres. The age of the studied animals had no effect on the content of different muscle fibre types and the fibre proportions in young and adult slaughter cattle were at a similar level. Sex of animals was found to have an effect on the percentage of βR and αW fibres. A significantly greater proportion of oxidative fibres in the masseter muscle was found in males. An inverse relation occurred for glycolytic fibres, which were more abundant in the muscles of females.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Use of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Milk Products
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Neja, Wojciech; Bogucki, Mariusz; Ziółkowska, Joanna A.; Jankowska, Małgorzata; Krężel-Czopek, Sylwia; Department of Cattle Breeding and Animal Feeding, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Cattle Breeding and Animal Feeding, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Cattle Breeding and Animal Feeding, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Cattle Breeding and Animal Feeding, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Cattle Breeding and Animal Feeding, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Poland
    Probiotics and prebiotics found in milk products can have many beneficial health- promoting effects. Probiotics are live organisms added to the diet and their consumption confers a positive effect on the host by improving the intestinal microflora balance. The health benefits of probiotics for the gastrointestinal tract include restoring normal intestinal microflora, preventing carcinogenesis and cancers from developing, and reducing lactose intolerance. Prebiotics are compounds that pass undigested by the enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract and have the ability to stimulate the growth of probiotic bacteria. Prebiotics improve intestinal function, exhibit antidiabetic and antiatherogenic effects, and influence nutrient bioavailability. Products that contain probiotics and prebiotics are classified as functional foods, dietary supplements, or medicines.