Przeglądaj wg Autor "Grzeszczuk, Monika"

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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Effect of Drying Temperature and Method of Extract Preparation on Antioxidant Activity of Edible Flowers of Some Ornamental Plant Species
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2020) Stefaniak, Anna; Grzeszczuk, Monika; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
    Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland Abstract. Edible flowers are a popular food ingredient in many regional cuisines, especially Asian and Middle Eastern ones. Drying is one of the most popular methods of preserving flowers. On the other hand, a common method of consuming dried edible flowers is to use them for preparing various kinds of beverages, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic ones. The paper presents the results of the laboratory analyses concerning the content of biologically active compounds in dried flowers in three temperature variants (~25°C, 35°C and 70°C), which were used to select the material constituting the basis for obtaining various types of water (infusions, decoctions, macerates) and alcohol extracts (with the use of 50%, 80% and 96% ethanol and repeated extractiong method using 96% EtOH), and then their antioxidant activity evaluation. The research material consisted of ornamental plant species with flowers of high biological value: Mimulus × hybridus L. (‘Magic Yellow’ and ‘Magic Red’), Hemerocallis × hybrida Hort., Monarda didyma L., Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (‘Sarah Bernardt’, ‘Dr. Alexander Fleming’ and ‘Karl Rosenfield’). The experiment was carried out in the years 2014–2015 in the Department of Horticulture of the West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin. On the base of the chemical analyses results the most favourable drying temperature variant was selected for each tested flower cultivar. For flowers M. × hybridus L., M. didyma L. and H. × hybrida Hort. it was 35°C; dried flowers were characterised by the highest content of biologically active compounds and the highest antioxidant activity. In the case of three cultivars of P. lactiflora Pall. the most favourable drying temperature was ~25°C. Among the water and alcohol extracts of the studied edible flower species, the decoction indicated a higher content of antioxidant compounds. The highest values of antioxidant activity were observed in extracts prepared on the basis of peony flowers.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Evaluation of the biological value of the dandelion leaves (Taraxacum officinale weber ex wigg.) grown on soil contaminated with copper
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Studziński, Mateusz; Grzeszczuk, Monika; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The experiment was conducted in 2013. Research material included the leaves of a dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber ex Wigg.) – roots with the above-ground part, gathered before tying of flower baskets (Taraxaci radix cum herba). Laboratory analyses, which were the continuation of the pot experiment, were conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Horticulture of the West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin. In the dried plant material (dandelion leaves) the content was determined: of dry mass and total ash, vitamin C as L-ascorbic acid, chlorophyll a, b and total, total carotenoid and antioxidant activity. Based on the obtained results it was found that both the biometric features of the dandelion plants and their biological value subjected to significant changes depending on the amount of copper contained in the soil and the crop harvest date.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oils Isolated from Fruits of Chosen Hot Pepper (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) Cultivars
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Wesołowska, Aneta; Grzeszczuk, Monika; Jadczak, Dorota; Institute of Chemistry and Environmental Protection, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The burning taste of Capsicum fruits is due to the presence of the chemical group of alkaloid compounds called capsaicinoids, among which capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin are responsible for 90% of the total pungency. The pepper fruits contain also the small amounts of essential oil, which gives them a distinctive flavor and aroma. The main objective of the present study was to determine the chemical composition of essential oils of the fruits of three hot pepper cultivars: ‘Wulkan’, ‘Padron’ and ‘Trakijska Shipka’. The essential oils were isolated from hot pepper fruits by water-steam distillation and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Palmitic acid (11.98 and 8.96% in 2010 and 2011, respectively), pentadecanal (6.46 and 13.70%), furfural (4.02 and 1.28%), 1-nonadecene (3.67 and 5.34%), 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (3.26 and 1.54%) and linoleic acid (2.23 and 2.16%) were found to be the major constituents of ‘Wulkan’ cultivar volatile oil. In the essential oil of ‘Padron’ cultivar, palmitic acid (8.45 and 12.52%), furfural (6.81 and 3.32%), benzeneacetaldehyde (4.28 and 1.55%), 2-acetylpyrrole (2.31 and 1.48%) and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (2.00 and 3.10%) were the most abundant compounds. Similarly, palmitic acid (10.00 and 11.17%), pentadecanal (9.04 and 11.81%), 1-nonadecene (6.17 and 10.72%), furfural (6.10 and 2.60%) as well as nonadecane (3.99 and 5.19%) and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (2.82 and 1.77%) dominated in the essential oil of ‘Trakijska Shipka’ cultivar.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Influence of distillation apparatus and distillation time on the yield and chemical composition of winter savory essential oil
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2017) Wesołowska, Aneta; Grzeszczuk, Monika; Jadczak, Dorota; Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The aim of the studies conducted in 2014–2015 was to determine the influence of distillation apparatus as well as distillation time on the yield and chemical composition of winter savory (Satureja montana L.) essential oil. Isolation of the essential oil from S. montana herb, collected during flowering period, was carried out using two different distillation apparatuses: Deryng and Clevenger. Moreover, different distillation times (2, 3 and 4 hours) were also applied. The obtained essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). GC-MS analysis resulted in the identification of 47 compounds in the essential oils obtained in Deryng and Clevenger apparatus, respectively. Carvacrol (54.44–68.53%) was the major constituent of all S. montana oil samples. Other important compounds were: γ-terpinene (5.21–8.67%), p-cymene (4.40–9.53%), α-terpinene (1.20–2.04%) and β-caryophyllene (4.58–5.77%). On the basis of the obtained data it was proved that the time of distillation of S. montana herb in Deryng apparatus had no significant effect on its content. However, the amount of volatile oil obtained in Clevenger apparatus was significantly influenced by distillation time. Moreover, there was no significant effect of the distillation time on the amount of the main essential oil constituents obtained with both types of apparatuses. However, there was a significant interaction found between the constituent and the distillation time.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Influence of Distillation Method on the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils Isolated from Different Parts of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cv ‘Cinnamon’
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2014) Wesołowska, Aneta; Grzeszczuk, Monika; Jadczak, Dorota; Institute of Chemistry and Environmental Protection, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Skład chemiczny olejków eterycznych, wyizolowanych na drodze hydrodestylacji i destylacji z parą wodną z kwiatostanów i liści z łodygami bazylii pospolitej odmiany ‘Cinnamon’, badano metodą GC-MS. (E)-Cynamonian metylu, linalol i estragol stanowiły dominujące składniki wszystkich analizowanych olejków. Aczkolwiek, porównując obie metody destylacji, wykazano, że w przypadku olejków otrzymanych z kwiatostanów zawartość (E)-cynamonianu metylu, estragolu, eugenolu i (Z)-cynamonianu metylu była większa w olejku wyizolowanym na drodze hydrodestylacji, natomiast zawartość β-selinenu, β-eudesmolu i α-selinenu była większa w olejku otrzymanym na drodze destylacji z parą wodną. W przypadku olejków wyizolowanych z liści z łodygami więcej (E)-cynamonianu metylu i (Z)-cynamonianu metylu stwierdzono w olejku otrzymanym na drodze hydrodestylacji; zawartość linalolu, β-eudesmolu i estragolu była większa w olejku otrzymanym na drodze destylacji z parą wodną.