Przeglądaj wg Autor "Kowalewska, Inga"

Teraz wyświetlane 1 - 6 z 6
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Analysis of Polymorphism in the NUCB2 Gene and the Milk Production Traits of Polish Holstein-Friesian Cattle
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Szalast, Daria K.; Kowalewska, Inga; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The aim of the study was to analyze the single nucleotide substitution polymorphism (SNP) located in exon 9 (1079 G>T, rs471862956) of the gene encoding nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) in relation to milk production traits such as milk, protein and fat yield and protein and fat content in milk. The research was carried out in a herd of Polish Holstein-Friesian black and white cattle, and genotyping of individual animals was carried out using PCR-RFLP. The most common genotype is the heterozygous genotype (0.53), and the more frequent allele is the T allele (0.52). The analysis of the obtained results showed that there are statistically significant relationships at the level of P ≤ 0.05 and P ≤ 0.01 between individual genotypes of the polymorphism studied and the considered milk performance characteristics. It was observed that individuals with the TT homozygous genotype were characterized by the highest values of such traits as: milk yield as well as fat and protein yield. However, in the case of animals of the homozygous GG genotype, it was observed that the milk obtained from them was characterized by the highest fat and protein content.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Characteristics of the MC1R Gene as a Locus e Affecting Coat Color in Dog
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Kowalewska, Inga; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The color of dogs is the result of various genes that control the pigmentation of the coat mainly. There are many genes that influence the color, pattern and distribution of fur in dogs, one of which is the gene encoding the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), also known as the E locus. The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) is a protein that plays a key role in the regulation of skin, hair and eye pigmentation in animals. This receptor is responsible for the processing of peptide hormones that control the production of melanin, which is the pigment of the skin and fur. Mutations within this gene can affect the color of animals, including dogs. The main alleles identified and described for the E locus are: E (wild type), E^M (melanistic mask) and e (recessive red); they are widespread in various dog breeds, indicating that they existed at an early stage in the formation of individual breed groups. The other identified alleles are less common and are: E^G (grizzle/domino), e^2 (only among Australian Cattle Dogs and their crossbreds) and e^3 (only among Siberian Huskies and their crossbreds), e^A (ancient red) allele and the allele E^H (only among English Cocker Spaniels and American Cocker Spaniels). Of course, it’s important to remember that dog color is a complex genetic phenomenon that can be controlled by many different genes working together, and that the variety of coat colors in different dog breeds results from a combination of these genes.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Effect of polymorphisms in exon 8 of the PPARGC1A gene on milk production traits in cattle
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Śpiewak, Magdalena; Kowalewska, Inga; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The objective of this study was to investigate associations between genotypes of polymorphisms in exon 8 of the PPARGC1A gene and milk production traits in dairy cattle. The study was conducted in a herd of 959 Polish Holstein-Friesian of the black and white cows kept in western Poland. In this study, three polymorphisms within exon 8 of the PPARGC1A gene were analyzed: rs445204772, rs109164431 and rs133669403 and they are responsible for two missense and one synonymous type mutations. All cows were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method. The PPARGC1A polymorphisms that were studied had the following major allele frequencies: rs445204772 – allele A 0.523; rs109164431 – allele C 0.607 and rs133669403 – allele A 0.546. Statistical analysis was aimed at estimating the effect of individual genotypes on milk performance traits such as milk, protein, and fat yield as well as protein and fat content in milk. For rs445204772 polymorphism, a statistically significant effect on milk yield (P ≤ 0.05) and fat content (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01) was observed. Polymorphism rs109164431 significantly (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01) affected milk, fat, and protein yield as well as milk fat content. In the case of polymorphism rs133669403, it was found that it affects to a different degree (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01) most of the analyzed milk performance traits. The obtained results may contribute to the state of knowledge regarding the identification of the most important SNPs that could be used for the selection of marker assisted dairy cattle.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Genetic Aspects of Lactose Synthesis in Dairy Cattle
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Śpiewak , Magdalena; Kowalewska, Inga; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Market requirements, dictated by the growing needs of consumers, make it necessary to conduct breeding works to improve the performance characteristics of farm animals. The effectiveness of the breeding goal depends on both the genotype of the animals and the environmental conditions. Genomic selection using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is increasingly used in the selection and evaluation of dairy cattle breeds. In recent years, many experiments have been carried out to determine the relationship between the occurrence of the genotype and performance traits of livestock. The analysis of milk composition carried out so far focused mainly on such milk production traits as milk yield (kg), fat yield (kg), fat content (%), protein yield (kg) and protein content (%). So far, no largescale experiments have been carried out to test the content of lactose in milk and evaluate possible relationships with other milk performance traits. Lactose synthesis in the epithelial cells of the mammary gland serves as a major factor influencing milk volume production. Due to that conducting such an analysis seems to be beneficial for milk producers for economic reasons. An additional advantage may be the use of the obtained results in marker-assisted selection (MAS). The present review summarizes knowledge about lactose synthesis by covering and linking several aspects of cow’s milk.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Polymorphism in BMAP-27 and BMAP-28 genes and their relationship with milk production traits in cattle
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Hiller, Sonia; Kowalewska, Inga; Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The study aimed to analyze polymorphisms located in exon 4 of the CATHL5 gene encoding the BMAP-28 protein and in exon 4 of the CATHL6 gene encoding the BMAP-27 protein concerning milk performance parameters, such as milk yield, fat, protein, and lactose content and somatic cell count in milk. The PCR-RFLP method using the ACRS technique was used in the study to create a cleavage site for enzymes. Based on the results of genotyping, results for individual SNPs were obtained, with statistically significant differences at the P ≤ 0.05 and P ≤ 0.01. Between individual genotypes of the studied polymorphisms and selected traits of milk production.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Polymorphism in the GHRL Gene and Milk Production Traitsin Jersey Cattle
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Śpiewak, Magdalena; Kowalewska, Inga; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The aim of this study was to assess potential relationships between GHRL 4491A˃G genotypes and selected milk production traits, including milk yield, protein and fat content, and protein and fat yield. The study involved 180 Jersey cows. Genotypes of individual animals were determined using the ACRS and PCR-RFLP methods. The allele frequencies were as follows: A – 0.98 and G – 0.02. The conducted research revealed statistically significant relationships (P ≤ 0.05) between GHRL genotypes and milk protein content, and tendencies were observed regarding the association of genotypeswith analyzed milk production traits.