Wydanie 363(62)2 2022

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https://oa.zut.edu.pl/handle/20.500.12539/1561

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  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Analysis of Production and Reproduction Indicator of Polish Holstein-Friesian Cattle Oin Three Consecutive Lactations.
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Stefaniak, Wiktoria P.; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Kowalewska-Łuczak, Inga; Kostiuk, Volodymir; Melnyk, Oleg; Mylostyvyi, Roman; Wrzecińska, Marcjanna; Kossakowski, Kamil; Student Scientific Association of Breeders of Ruminant Animals “TAURUS” at the Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland; Student Students Scientific Association of Animal Geneticists, Department of Genetics and General Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Poland; National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Department of Technology Processing of Livestock Products, Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Dnipro, Ukraine; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wrocław, Poland
    The aim of the research was to determine the productivity and reproduction indices of the Polish Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White variety cows in three consecutive lactations. The research was carried out in the Experimental Station of the National Research Institute Kołbacz on the Dębina farm. The herd of 1025 cows were kept in free-stall barns and fed with TMR system. The yield (kg) of milk, FCM milk, protein and fat was analyzed; content (%) of protein and fat and selected reproductive parameters such as age at the first calving, as well as inter-pregnancy periods and calving interval, pe riod service, postpartum downtime in three consecutive 305-day lactations. The studies indicated that the average yield of milk, fat and protein showed an increasing tendency in the next three lactations. The average protein and fat content were similar. The highest results of these ingredients were ob tained in cows in the second lactation. Lactation efficiency influenced the value of the analyzed fertility indices. With the increase in cows’ productivity, the calving interval and inter-pregnancy period, includ ing period service and postpartum downtime, were significantly longer. The longest calving interval and inter-pregnancy period were observed in the third lactation, and the shortest in the first lactation of cows. With the extended of the calving period, the yield of milk, protein, and fat increased. The age at the first calving was the lowest in the 2nd and the highest in the 3rd lactation. The cows calving first for the first time had the highest milk fat content and the shortest calving period. The service period was the longest in the 2nd lactation and occurred in cows with the highest fat content. Postpartum downtime in the studied herd of cows was the longest in the third lactation. The resting period was extended with the increase in the yield of: milk, FCM milk, protein and fat.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The Effect of Selected Factors on Milking Rate in Polish Holstein-Friesian Black-And-White Cows.
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Pytlewski, Jarosław; Antkowiak, Ireneusz R.; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of selected physiological factors (age, lactation stage and daily milk yield) on milking rate by Polish Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White cows. The duration of morning, evening and diurnal milking was determined. Milking rate of cows was char acterized based on the mean actual and corrected milk yield per 1 minute of milking. Statistical analy sis showed a lack of any dependence between the age group of cows and milking duration as well as mean actual and corrected milk yields in the minute of milking. Milking time decreased with progress in lactation. In terms of the mean milk yield the lowest value of this parameter was recorded for cows being in their first stage of lactation (≤ day 40). Cows with greater daily milk yields compared to those producing less milk were characterized by longer milking times and greater mean actual and corrected milk yields in the minute of milking. Milking rate of cows is a functional trait of considerable importance in the economics of raw milk production. The selection towards of an increase in milk yield, may have a positive effect on milking rate in cows.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Variation of Carbohydrates in Legume-Grass Mixtures Supplied by Mushroom Substrate Compost and Cow Slurry.
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Malinowska, Elżbieta; Jankowski, Kazimierz; Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
    The aim of the research was to assess the effect of mushroom substrate and slurry on the con tent of structural and non-structural carbohydrates in hybrid alfalfa mixtures with grasses. The three-year research was conducted in an experimental field between 2013 and 2015, with the following variables: (1) spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and cow slurry (CS), applied in different combinations; (2) three legume grass mixtures: orchard grass, perennial ryegrass, hybrid alfalfa (M1); orchard grass, hybrid al falfa (M2); perennial ryegrass, hybrid alfalfa (M3). In each growing season, the mixtures were harvested three times. Plant material was used to determine dry matter content and the content of neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, total protein, crude ash, and crude fat by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), using the NIRFlex N-500 spec trometer and ready-to-use INGOT® calibration applications. Generally, mushroom substrate applied on its own increased the amounts of cellulose and hemicellulose in legume grass mixtures more than slurry. The most cellulose, the least hemicelluloses, and the highest degree of lignification were recorded in the mixture of ryegrass with alfalfa, while the degree of lignification was the smallest in the forage of alfalfa and orchard grass, which also contained the least cellulose but the most hemicellulose. On average, the highest amount of cellulose was in the biomass of the first harvest and the least in the third.