Wydanie 334(42)2 2017

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https://oa.zut.edu.pl/handle/20.500.12539/704

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    Variability of the incidence of Fusarium species and mycotoxins in the grain of wheat, depending on soil tillage system and cultivar
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2017) Weber, Ryszard; Pląskowska, Elżbieta; Department of Weed Science and Tillage Systems, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Wrocław; Department of Plant Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
    The aim of the present work was to analyse the variability of the incidence of Fusarium species and mycotoxins in the grain of wheat, depending on wheat cultivar and soil tillage system. The experimental factors included: 1. Soil tillage system: conventional system (Conv.), two non-ploughing (NP) systems, one of them using disc harrow (NP/dh), the other one using cultivator (NP/c); 2. Winter wheat cultivars (‘Muszelka’, ‘Ostka Strzelecka’, ‘Kohelia’ and ‘Satyna’). The grain of the winter wheat cultivars tested was more susceptible to Fusarium infections under both NP tillage systems, compared to Conv. tillage system. In the Conv. system the grain of the investigated cultivars had shown very low mycotoxin content. In contrast, under NP systems and despite of the one-year interim period in cereal cultures, the zearalenon concentrations had amply exceeded the current maximum levels set by the EU. Within the NP/dh system, the grain of ‘Satyna’ cultivar was found to be highly contaminated with deoxynivalenol. Significant concentration of this mycotoxin was also detected in the grain of ‘Kohelia’ cultivar coming from the plots tilled with cultivator (NP/c). The analyses of zearalenone content in the grain harvested from the NP regime plots had revealed concentrations of the compound several times beyond the maximum limits set for crops, and this was particularly true for the cultivars ‘Kohelia’ and ‘Satyna’. On the contrary, cultivars: ‘Muszelka’ and ‘Ostka Strzelecka’ were characterized by lower degree of grain contamination with mycotoxins.