Wydanie 365(64)4 2022

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https://oa.zut.edu.pl/handle/20.500.12539/1587

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  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Influence of the Genotype and Gender of Young Beef Cattle on the Value of Carcasses Purchased by one of the Polish Meat Processing Plants
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Salamończyk, Ewa; Grzeszek, Kamil; Guliński, Piotr; Wrzecińska, Marcjanna; ; Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Poland; Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Poland; Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Poland; West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Department of Ruminant Science, Poland
    The quality of beef is determined, among others, by factors such as breed, age and sex of slaughtered animals and fattening intensity. The aim of the study was to assess carcass quality of young cattle purchased by a selected domestic meat processing plant. The study included a group of 300 bulls and 300 heifers with selected genotypes (Limousine breed; crossbreds – Charolaise, Limousine, Simental × Polish Holstein-Friesian; Polish Holstein-The quality of beef is determined, among others, by factors such as breed, age and sex of slaughtered animals and fattening intensity. The aim of the study was to assess carcass quality of young cattle purchased by a selected domestic meat processing plant. The study included a group of 300 bulls and 300 heifers with selected genotypes (Limousine breed; crossbreds – Charolaise, Limousine, Simental × Polish Holstein-Friesian; Polish Holstein-Friesian breed). The following were determined for each animal: body weight before slaughter (kg), hot carcass weight (kg), hot carcass quality index (%), carcass conformation class and carcass fatness class according to the EUROP system. The mean body weight of slaughtered animals was found to be 650 kg. Carcass yield of the assessed young cattle was on average 54%. Carcasses of bulls (non-castrated males) were on average 90 kg heavier and had 3 pp. higher carcass yield than carcasses of uncalved females (P < 0.05). The conformation classes of the EUROP system showed that almost 48% of the carcasses of young Limousine bulls reached the highest classes, i.e. E− and U. Limousine bulls (57.2%) had the highest carcass yield among the determined genotypic groups. The desired lowest degree of fatness was found in carcasses of bulls of all genotypes (an average of 2.9 points).
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Occupational Health and Safety When Handling Farm Animals
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Pilarczyk, Maria; Faculty of Management, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland
    In 2021, 12,088 accidents involving animals were reported to the Regional Branches and Local Units of KRUS in Poland: 10.2% more than in 2020. The most common causes of such acci- dents are poor housing conditions and a lack of knowledge about how to handle them, the latter of which is exacerbated by high employee turnover and a lack of adequate training. Employee training should cover animal welfare assessment, dealing with animals, the use of personal and collective pro- tective equipment, as well as first aid and biological hazard assessment. To maintain a good standard of occupational safety on a farm, the conditions for rearing and breeding animals, and the rules of their operation, should be reviewed on an ongoing basis. Bulls, stallions, boars, rams and goats prone to kicking and biting are considered dangerous animals and special precautions should be taken when handling them. Only a good knowledge of basic animal behaviour, together with improved animal wel- fare, proper handling practices, and the use of appropriate containment equipment, will ensure safe handling of animals. Currently, all work with animals is governed by the Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development on Occupational Health and Safety when Handling Farm Animals dated 4 August 2017 (Journal of Laws of 2017, item 1692).
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The Use of Lactation Persistence as an Indicator in the Selection of the Maternal Lines of HF Cows
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Wójcik, Piotr; Cwynar, Marzena; Pankowski, Mateusz; National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Cattle Production, Poland; Kombinat Rolny Kietrz Ltd., Poland; Alta Genetics Ltd., Poland
    The research material for this study consisted of a group of 163 Polish Holstein Friesian cows (PHF). For the study, the cows were assigned to 14 maternal lineages covering three generations. The aim of this study was to indicate possibilities for selecting cows with the goal of maintaining lineages on the farm which are characterised high productive qualities based on lactation persistency index. Basic milk parameters were analysed over a 305-day lactation cycle and information on somatic cell content was also gathered based on sample milkings. A characterisation of lactation persistency for a given lactation was generated as a percent difference between milk yield in the 2nd and 10th month of lactation, and a lactation persistency curve was developed for particular lineages in successive lactations, representing changes in the productivity of the cows. It was determined that together with increasing numbers of lactations among the cows studied, the average lactation persistency index also increased. For younger cows, this index did not exceed 30%, while in the older group this index amounted to 70%. Cows with the highest lactation persistency values 70.1–80% were also characterised by the highest milk production in average daily milk yields during peak lactation, amounting to 56.14 kg at values of for the index. Cows which began their milk production stage with a high persistency index in the 1st and 2nd lactations, in successive lactations saw a significant decrease in this index. Breeding cattle within maternal lines characterized by a high and stable level of lactation persistence index can ensure a high level of milk production in this line of cows.