FPUTS seria Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica, 2018

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https://oa.zut.edu.pl/handle/20.500.12539/695

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Open Access
Alleviating Effects of Ascorbic Acid on Lead Toxicity in Goji (Lycium barbarum L.) in Vitro
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Krupa-Małkiewicz, Marcelina; Kruczek, Arleta; Pelc, Justyna; Smolik, Beata; Ochmian, Ireneusz; Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Lead (Pb) is the most common heavy metal pollutant in the environment. The objective of the presented study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of exogenous 1 mM ASA on key growth and biochemical parameters in Lycium barbarum seedlings under heavy metal (Pb(NO3)2) stress in vitro. Nodal cutting with an axillaries bud were used as an explants. The results showed that lead accumulation in goji explants had negative influence on morphological parameters of plant growth, such as shoot and root length. Lead caused a significant reduction in chlorophylls and carotenoid content, increased lipid peroxidation and induced significant accumulation of proline in goji leaves. Addition to MS medium 1 mM ASA greatly alleviated Pb-induced growth inhibition and Pb-induced MDA and proline accumulation. Presence of ASA in the MS medium under heavy metal stress increased plant fresh and dry mass with no significant effect on plant water content.
Open Access
Analysis of Fish Species Composition in Miazga – A Stream Blocked with a Small Dam Reservoir (Pilica River Basin, Central Poland)
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Dąbrowski, Jarosław; Więcaszek, Beata; Department of Hydrobiology, Ichthyology and Biotechnology of Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, University of Lodz, Poland
A study of fish species composition was performed in the stream Miazga, blocked with a dam without a fish ladder, located in the Pilica river basin. Three sites above and two below the reservoir were selected. The presence of 13 species of fish and one species of lamprey in larval stage was found. The most abundant species were perch Perca fluviatilis, gudgeon Gobio gobio and Prussian carp Carassius gibelio. The presence of three new species of fish was noted: common brown bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus, eel Anguilla anguilla and orfe Leuciscus idus. The analysis of species evenness indicated that the number of species and their abundance at all research sites were close to maximum. Relatively low value of the dominance index indicated that the examined fish assemblages were not strongly dominated by a single species, which was confirmed by the diversity index. The differences in the composition of the fish fauna at sites above and below the dam reservoir were not sufficiently pronounced in the cluster analysis, however from the historical point of view, the structure of fish assemblage in the stream has changed. Shift in the fish assemblage composition may be affected to the pollution of the stream, stocking activities and escaping from the fish farms.
Open Access
Are the Forests of the Wigry National Park Suitable for the Common Dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius?
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Gruszczyńska, Joanna; Grzegrzółka, Beata; Misiukiewicz, Wojciech; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland; Wigry National Park, Krzywe, Poland
The research was aimed at demonstrating whether the common dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius occurs in the area of the Wigry National Park. In order to detect the presence of this species, research areas in park stands were determined, characterized by a large share of hazel Coryllus avellana in the undergrowth. Hazel nuts gnawed by the species were sought on the 30 forest research plots. Nesting tubes, placed in May, and nest boxes for birds were checked till the first days of October. In addition, the summer nests of the species were searched. During the research, 6 nests of common dormouse were found and one individual of this species was observed. The results show that, despite the fact that the common dormouse is on the list of mammalian species found in the Wigry National Park, it rarely occurs there.
Open Access
Assessment and Comparison of the Cariogenicity of the Girls and Boys Diet in the Selected Group of Young People Aged 15–16 Years Old
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Sadowska, Joanna; Daniel, Izabela; Department of Human Nutrition Physiology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Human Nutrition Physiology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Correct eating habits have a significant impact on the condition of teeth and periodontal. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cariogenicity of the diet in a select group of young people aged 15-16 years old. The survey was conducted in June 2016 among 251 students attending middle schools in Szczecin (115 boys and 136 girls). The survey consisted of completing an anonymous questionnaire about eating habits and food intake that affect the formation of dental caries. The obtained results indicate a frequent occurrence among the young people of behaviors and food choices that contribute to the development of dental caries. These included the lack of regularity in eating meals (declared by 57.3% of respondents), frequent snacking between meals (declared by 72.8% of students), frequent eating sweets and sweetened products and drinking sweet beverages. Girls were characterized by less correct nutritional habits compared to boys, rarely ate the recommended amount of food, ate less regularly, drank less amount of fluids. While boys made worse dietary choices: they rarely than girls ate wholemeal bread, more often chose sweet cereal flakes, sweet yogurt and kefir and more often drink sweet drinks. Taking into account the observed irregularities, consisting of a significant number of improper eating behaviors affecting the cariogenicity of the diet, schoolchildren should be especially careful to take care of oral hygiene and participate in nutrition education. Additionally, dentists and dieticians should pay attention to the significance of good dietary habits in preventing dental caries and encourage their patients to correct their dietary habits that exacerbate dentition and periodontium diseases.
Open Access
Assessment of Solar Radiation in the Region of Lake Miedwie for Recreational Purposes
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Kozmiński, Czesław; Michalska, Bożena; Department of Tourism, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Meteorology and Landscape Architecture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The aim of the paper is the assessment of the amount and variability of sums of global solar radiation, diffuse radiation and direct radiation in the area of Lake Miedwie and the resulting conditions for recreation. For this purpose, the study was based on hourly and 24-hour period measurements of the aforementioned types of radiation obtained from the Agrometeorological Station in Lipnik in the vicinity of Stargard in the period 2008–2017 – the measurements were taken using Delta T BF3 Sunshine Sensors. The temporal distribution of global, diffuse and direct radiation was determined according to hours, days, months, seasons and years with average and extreme values as well as coefficient of variation (W%). The percentage share of sums of diffuse and direct radiation in global solar radiation was calculated and, on the basis of skin erythema dose (SED), safe tanning time for people with blond, chestnut and dark hair was identified for a given day during the warm half-year in the region of Lake Miedwie. There is a high temporal variability and uneven distribution of the types of radiation observed from month to month as well as from year to year. Moreover, the predominance of direct radiation in spring, as compared with autumn, is more than two-fold and more than 18 times greater in summer than in winter. The course of annual radiation is characterised by the occurrence of several days-long periods of increased or reduced radiation sum. From the last days of March to the first decade of August, mean daily global solar radiation sums is above 4000 W · m–2, and from mid-April to the first days of August it exceeds 5000 W · m–2. From May to August the intensity of direct solar radiation around the noon on sunny days can be onerous and, with increasing sunbathing time, even hazardous to health.
Open Access
The Association Between Erα/ Bgli Genotypes and Milk Performance in Holstein-Friesian and Jersey Cattle. Preliminary Study
(Wydawnictwo Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Wasilewska, Małgorzata; Tabor-Osińska, Sara; Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Modern farming asks many questions which science has answers to. While selecting animals for further breeding, many aspects should be taken under consideration, like an animal's phenotypic and genetic features. Marker-assisted selection is a useful tool for judging an animal's genetic value. There are many well-known genetic factors responsible for efficiency of animal production and many of which still need to be studied in more depth. The following study examines the association between ERα/ BglI genotypes and milk performance in cattle. Two breeds were analysed in this study (Jersey and Holstein-Friesian red and white) and from the data gathered there is evidence to suggest that polymorphisms in the gene influences milk yield in these breeds. Three genotypes were identified: GG, AG, AA. The data pertaining to milk yield of both herds received from the farmers shows that the efficiency of milk production is the highest in the GG homozygotes and the lowest in the AG heterozygotes. This suggests a strong link between these genetic variants and the effective production of milk. However, to confirm the association between the polymorphic traits of the studied gene and milk production traits, it would be necessary to run a study on a larger group of cattle and to use infomration about their further lactation cycles.
Open Access
Association of Polymorphism of Choosen Genes with Production Traits in Dairy Cattle
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Jadwiżak, Weronika; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Polymorphisms of DGAT1, ABCG2, SCD1 and PPARGC1A genes significantly affect the milk, fat and protein yield and chemical composition of milk. Depending on the type of polymorphism, they increase or decrease the milk, fat and protein yield as well as fat and protein content in milk. Based on the research carried out by numerous authors, it can be concluded that genotyping animals for polymorphism of selected genes and using this information in breeding programs for selection supported by markers, which will allow the development of populations with the most desirable production characteristics is right.
Open Access
Blood Plasma Progesterone Levels do not Correlate with Litter Size in the American Mink (Neovison vison)
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Seremak, Beata; Dworecka-Borczyk, Marta; Felska-Błaszczyk, Lidia; Lasota, Bogdan; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Laboratory of Animal Anatomy Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The aim of the study was to test whether there is a relationship between the plasma concentration of progesterone in a given stage of pregnancy and the litter size at birth. The study was carried out on a mink farm located in western Poland. Blood samples for analyses were drawn from year-old White Hedlund (WH) females. Samples were collected from 30 females, first on 22 February, i.e. before the mating season, and on 12 April, from pregnant females, about 3 weeks before expected parturitions. Plasma progesterone levels revealed a high individual variability within the studied group of mink. No significant correlation was found between blood plasma progesterone in pregant females and the average litters size at birth.
Open Access
Cane Pruning IntensityoOf Vine as a Substantial Factor Influencing Physico-Chemical Attributes of Berries Cultivar ‘Regent’
(Wydawnictwo Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Pachnowska, Kamila; Ochmian, Ireneusz; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Poland
The research were focused on the assessment of quality attributes of berries cultivar ‘Regent’. The vines trained on Single Guyot training system were pruned at three intensities of 4, 6 or 8 buds per cane. Berries were harvested in three consecutive seasons (2013–2015) at the research station of West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin in Poland. ‘Regent’ grapes were analysed in terms of physical and chemical attributes, i.e. weights of clusters and 100 berries, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, polyphenols, nutrients (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, N, P, Zn) and heavy metals (Cd, Pb). Our results showed that cane pruning intensity of vine cultivar ‘Regent’ had significant influence on the quality of berries, with the exceptions of cluster weight, titratable acidity and pH. Weight of 100 berries, total soluble solids and most of elements increased as the intensity of pruning increased. In turn, the lightest pruning treatment led to the greatest polyphenol, K, Cu and Fe contents in berries.
Open Access
Canis lupus familiaris – Domestication
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Wojtaś, Justyna; Karpiński, Mirosław; Tajchman, Katarzyna; Czyżowski, Piotr; Goleman, Małgorzata; Zieliński, Damian; Kozak, Agnieszka; Krupa, Wanda; Garbiec, Aleksandra; Drozd, Leszek; Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland; Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland; Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland; Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland; Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland; Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland; Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland; Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland; Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland; Department of Ethology and Animal Welfare, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
The dog has accompanied man the longest of all animals. Over the last several hundred thousand years, the dog has deserved to hold a special place in the life of man. It has become a rescuer, a guide, an assistant, a therapist, a defender and a friend. The relations of people and dogs are unlike the relations between man and any other domesticated animal. What has made the dog such a close friend for man? Using modern research methods, scientists have been looking for answers to this question. What was the domestication process, how long did it take and where did it start? Today we already know that the dog domestication process was started many times and independently in different parts of the world. The cradle of dog species turned out to be in Europe, not Asia, as was suggested before. The aim of this study was to review the latest research on the course of the dog's domestication process, as well as an indication of the characteristics of this species, which influenced the achievement of success in his domestication. It presents the results of archaeological, morphological and genetic studies. Different theories, as well as the behavioural aspect of this process, were described.
Open Access
Causes for Culling and Reproductive System Disorders in Jersey Cows in the Reproductive Period
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Pytlewski, Jarosław; Antkowiak, Ireneusz R.; Stanisławski, Daniel; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Rolińska, Karolina; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland; Computer Lab, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
The aim of this study was to analyse culling causes and determine reproductive health disorders in Jersey cows in the reproduction period in a herd from the Wielkopolska region. Analyses were conducted on 331 Jersey cows. The material for analyses was collected for the years 2010–2015 from the performance records of dairy cows, the AfiFarm herd management programme and veterinary inspection records. Source data concerned causes of cow culling and reproductive system disorders found in the reproduction period (i.e. from calving to successful fertilisation). Culling causes were divided based on the criterion applied by the Polish Federation of Cattle Breeders and Dairy Farmers. In this study the shares of culling causes were determined and the frequency of individual reproductive system disorders in the reproduction period were calculated in terms of the division into primiparous and multiparous cows. Sterility and reproductive system disorders were the most frequent culling causes in Jersey cows. In turn, endometritis was the most frequent reproductive disorder in cows of this breed in the reproduction period. No statistically significant relationship was found between the age group of cows (primiparous vs. multiparous) and the frequency of specific reproductive system disorders. The incidence rate of reproductive system disorders in Jersey cows in the reproduction period may most probably be reduced at a continuous improvement of environmental factors affecting these animals.
Open Access
Comparison of Recording Results of Purebred and Crossbred Charolaise Cattle in Poland
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Przysucha, Tomasz; Gołębiewski, Marcin; Slósarz, Jan; Kuczyńska, Beata; Puppel, Kamila; Kunowska-Slósarz, Małgorzata; Kalińska, Aleksandra; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland
The aim of the study was to compare purebred and crossbred Charolaise cattle in respect to their compliance with the breeding goals and standards adopted by the Polish Association of Breeders and Producers of Beef Cattle. The study was based on data for the years 2002–2015 from the PABPBC and for the years 1996–2001 from the National Center of Animal Breeding (NCAB). The properties that were evaluated were the average weight of cows [kg], average body weight of calves after birth [kg], average daily weight gain of calves from birth to 210 days [g], average body weight of calves at 210 days [kg] and average milk yield of cows [kg]. Gradual decline in the share of the national Charolaise beef cattle population was observed as well as sSignificant decrease in the number of crossbreds with Charolaise breed. The aerage weight of cows in 2005–2006 amounting to 559.4 and 570.2 kg (for purebred) and 556.6 and 561.1 (for crossbred) meet the breeding standards for of cows entered in the initial part of the herd book, which define the minimum weight of Charolaise cows after first calving as 550 kg. The average daily weight gain of calves increased considerably in the last years of analysis. The daily body gain of purebred calves was usually higher in purebred population. The daily gains of heifers and bulls were high and usually exceeded 1000 g. For both populations growing trend of daily body gain could be observed. According to breeding standards, body weight at weaning for both heifer and bull calves were at a medium level. The average weight of bull calves was approx. 20 kg higher than the average weight of heifer calves of the same age in both purebred and crossbred populations.
Open Access
Consumer Acceptance and Sensory Attributes of Selected Products Processed from Sea Buckthorn
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Stenka, Beata; Wilczyńska, Aleksandra; Department of Commodity and Quality Management, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland; Department of Commodity and Quality Management, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland
Increased interest of consumers in healthy food, supplying large quantities of biologically active substances is noticeable recently. Dynamically developing market of fruit and vegetables offers innovative products, including the group of so-called super fruits, previously unknown or unappreciated, with exotic flavours, rich in bioactive components. An example of such product is sea buckthorn. The aim of the study was to compare the sensory attributes and consumer liking of selected products made from sea buckthorn. The juices, nectars and jams made from sea buckthorn were analysed. Some of the tested products were purchased from the organic shop and some made from fresh fruit in the laboratory. Sensory evaluation was carried out by method. In consumer acceptance test the general appearance, transparency, aroma, taste, and overall liking were evaluated using a 9-pointhedonic scale. Additionally, the willingness to buy of tested products was assessed. The sensory characteristics of tested products were evaluated using Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA). As a results it was concluded that juices and nectars from sea buckthorn are not accepted by consumers because of their bitter and sour taste and smell, while the sweet and fruity taste and aroma of jams encourage consumers to purchase them.
Open Access
Contamination of Bioaerosol in the Confectionery Facility with Enterobacteriaceae Members
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Kręcidło, Magdalena; Krzyśko-Łupicka, Teresa; Independent Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Opole, Poland; Independent Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Opole, Poland
Good manufacturing practice includes a monitoring of purity in the production environment. It is important to estimate the source of microbial contamination and the influence of microclimatic conditions on changes in the microbial population of the air. The aim of study was to assess the occurrence of Enterobacteriaceae in composition of bacteriological bioaerosol from technological halls during production. The study were conducted in the confectionary facility in two technological halls (H.1, H.2) during production. In each hall, where the different stages of production were ran and various number of workers were worked, was determined 7 sampling sites. The air samples were taken by volumetric method with using MAS-100 impactor. Petri dishes were incubated in the standard conditions for the aerobic bacteria (22°C, 72 h). Isolates were stained by Gram’s technique and the members of Enterobacteriaceae were diversified by analysis the biochemical properties. Two-way ANOVA tests were performed to analyse numer of bacteria as a function of sampling site and production hall. The results were given as CFU ∙ 1 m–3 of air. Statistical analysis were performed in the R Studio. The number of workers had positive correlations with the concentrations of bacterial bioaerosols. Enterobacteriaceae dominated in the sectors with the higher number of workers i.e. in sector hand – sorting and packaging of finished products.
Open Access
The Content of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Mo in the Spleen of Moose (Alces Alces L.) from Northeastern Poland
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Skibniewski, Michał; Skibniewska, Ewa M.; Gałązka, Aneta; Kołnierzak, Marta; Kmieć, Hubert; Department of Morphological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland; Department of Biology Environment Animals, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland; Department of Biology Environment Animals, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland; Department of Biology Environment Animals, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland; Department of Biology Environment Animals, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
The study was performed to assess the concentrations of heavy metals: cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) as well as essential elements: copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and molybdenum (Mo) in the spleen of moose from Northeastern Poland. The animals studied were divided into two age groups (juvenile individuals up to 2 years old and mature animals older than 2 years).The concentrations of selected elements in the collected samples was determined by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The mean concentrations in the organs examined were: 2.28, 0.10, 8.36, 25.29 and 0.22 mg ∙ kg–1 wet weight, respectively for cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and molybdenum. Although higher values were found in older individuals, both age groups did not differ statistically. In the analysis of relations between selected metals we noted statistically significant correlations between following pairs of elements: zinc and molybdenum (r = 0.58), cadmium and copper (r = 0.56) and cadmium and molybdenum (r = 0.55). The cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, and molybdenum levels in the moose spleen was higher in the group of the older individuals than in the younger ones. Although there are no reference values for the cadmium and lead concentrations in the moose spleen the mean values observed can be considered high because they correspond to the levelsbregistered in the organs of other ruminant species living in the industrial regions. This phenomenon is due to the presence of a few older individuals with high levels of those metals in the spleen among investigated animals.
Open Access
The Effect of Mannitol and Sorbitol on Soybean In Vitro Development
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Kulpa, Danuta; Gawlik, Andrzej; Matuszak-Slamani, Renata; Włodarczyk, Małgorzata; Bejger, Romualda; Sienkiewicz, Mariola; Gołębiowska, Dorota; Semeniuk, Anna; Department of Plant Genetic, Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Physics and Agrophysics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Physics and Agrophysics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Physics and Agrophysics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Physics and Agrophysics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Physics and Agrophysics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Physics and Agrophysics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Genetic, Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The aim of this study was to examine an effect of osmotic stress, induced by mannitol (Mn) and sorbitol (So) in concentrations (0–200 mM) on seed germination and development of common soybean (Glycine max L.) seedlings in in vitro conditions. The analysis of the effectiveness of the porcession was made by assessing the length of the stems and roots as well as the fresh and dry mass of 3-week-old seedlings. The biometric index values differed depending on the type of substance used. While Mn at the lowest concentration (50 mM) did not affect the biometric parameters studied, So (50 mM) stimulated the growth of seedlings, root elongation and the number of leaves and fresh weight of plants. The unfavorable effect on biomass was noticed at higher concentrations of both substances. Mn (> 50 mM – <150 mM) negatively influenced the fresh and dry content of the seedlings. In turn, Mn (150 and 200 mM) also caused growth inhibition, decreased number and length of leaves. So (200 mM) significantly inhibited the growth of seedlings, reducing the dry matter.
Open Access
The Effect of Multicomponent Mineral Fertilizers on the Content of Macronutrients in Soil After Sugar Beet Cultivation
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Sobolewska, Magdalena; Pużyński, Stanisław; Dojss, Dariusz; Hury, Grzegorz; Gibczyńska, Marzena; Department of Agronomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Agronomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Grupa Azoty Zakłady Chemiczne „Police” S.A., Poland; Department of Agronomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
A wide range of multicomponent fertilizers, often with similar chemical composition, differs in the quality and digestibility of nutrients and price. The paper compared the effect of mineral multicomponent fertilizers from Polish and foreign producers on changes in the content of macronutrients in soil during sugar beet cultivation. The study also analyzed the effect of varying doses of fertilizers used. Fertilizers used were characterized by the following composition of NPK(S): two Belarusian 8–20–30, Russian 7–8, 19–20, 29–30 and Polish 6–20– 30(7) – Polifoska 6. The experimental plant was sugar beet of NATURA KWS cv., normal-sugar type. The soil on which the experiment was carried out was characterized by low abundance of available potassium and medium available phosphorus and exchangeable magnesium. The experiment was carried out in 2014–2017 in Lipnik. The study compared two factors: 1st factor – 4 multicomponent mineral fertilizers (two Belarusian, one Russian and Polifoska). 2nd factor – 3 doses of fertilization (minimum, optimum, maximum, which amounted to 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 dt per hectare, respectively. Fertilization with multicomponent fertilizers did not have a significant impact on changes in the pH of experimental soil. In the experiment carried out, there was no difference in the performance of tested multicomponent fertilizers: Belarusian, Russian and Polish, regarding changes in the content of available phosphorus as well as available and exchangeable magnesium in the soil. The use of different doses of multicomponent fertilizers resulted in a significant increase in the content of available potassium and exchangeable magnesium in the soil, and the available phosphorus after using the highest dose of fertilizer.
Open Access
The Effect of Soil Mulching on the Yielding of Hardy Kiwifruit Cultivars (Actinidia arguta) in Central Poland
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Marosz, Adam; Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland
Kiwiberry, or hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) is a new pomological plant in Poland. There are many possibilities for setting up an orchard with this species. However, Actinidia is susceptible to late spring frost. Summer irrigation for good fruit yielding is required. In this experiment the effect of soil mulching on the yielding of five cultivars of hardy kiwi fruit was observed. The orchard was started in 2005, but the experiment was conducted from 2010–2015, when plants were full fruiting. Half of the line of each cultivar was mulched with straw, the other half was treated with an herbicide. No additional summer irrigation was provided. Yielding of actinidia cultivars was very varied, but the results showed that straw soil mulching improved the fruit yield of all cultivars. The highest total and commercial yield was recorded for the cultivars: ‘Ananasnaya’, ‘Geneva’, and ‘Weiki’. Generally, the commercial yield of plants mulched with straw was higher; from 0.83 to 1.98 kg per plant compared to the control which had herbicide stripes along the rows. .
Open Access
The Effects of Inca Fertilizer Used in Foliar Nutrition on Yield Quantity and Quality and Selected Physiological Parameters of Sweet Cherry Cv. ‘Burlat’
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Mikiciuk, Grzegorz; Mikiciuk, Małgorzata; Telesinski, Arkadiusz; Statkiewicz, Małgorzata; Chylewska, Urszula; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Sweet cherry is an important crop, grown on all continents. A serious problem associated with sweet cherry cultivation is fruit cracking, occurring on rainy days during the ripening period. The yield loss caused by fruit cracking can be as high as 90%. The most common approach to reducing this adverse phenomenon is foliar fertilization with calciumcontaining preparations. Only a few studies have focused on the impact of this macronutrient on fruit quality and content of bioactive substances in them and physiological properties of the trees. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of calcium foliar supplementation on fruit yield quality and quantity, fruit susceptibility to cracking and on selected physiological parameters of sweet cherry. The study involved 14-year old sweet cherry trees of 'Burlat' cultivar, grafted onto 'PHL-A' rootstock. The trees were sprayed with InCa fertilizer (8.0% N, 13.0% CaO, and 1.0% Zn). The fertilizer was applied three times, at a dose of 1.5 dm3 ∙ ha–1 . The first foliar fertilization was performed at the beginning of the flowering period, and the next two took place at fourteen-day intervals. By reducing fruit cracking, InCa used in foliar nutrition significantly increased marketable yield of sweet cherry, without changing fruit weight, size or antioxidant properties. Application of the fertilizer caused a reduction in total acidity (TA) of the fruit and increased TSS/TA (total soluble solids/total acidity) ratio. Foliar application of InCa fertilizer increased the content of chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and carotenoids in the leaves of 'Burlat' cultivar. The foliar nutrition with InCa did not change CO2 assimilation rate, CO2 concentration in leaf intercellular spaces and the value of relative water content (RWC).
Open Access
Evaluation of Content of Selected Macro- and Micronutrients in Edible Parts in Wintering Onion Cultivated for Bunches
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Rekowska, Ewa; Jurga-Szlempo, Barbara; Żurawik, Agnieszka; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
An advantage of overwintering onion in the field is the possibility of earlier supply of fresh, field-cultivated onion to the market. Many experiments with onion wintering in the fields have been conducted in Poland recently. Earlier market supply of fresh onion grown in the field is an undoubted advantage of that method. Early onions with green leaves foliage is an attractive vegetable and is characterized by greater biological value than onion stored for a long time. It is a very rich source of components important in human nutrition. The aim of the research was to evaluate content of macronutrients: total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur as well as selected micronutrients (manganese, iron, copper and zinc) in edible parts (leaves foliage and bulb) of wintering onion cultivar Amigo F1 depending on the method of cultivation (growing under polypropylene non-woven covering and without covers – control object). On the basis of obtained results, different content of mineral components depending on kind of eatable part of plant was found. Significantly higher content of total nitrogen (on the average 28.73 g - ka–1 d.m.), potassium (on the average 42.22 g - kg–1 d.m.), calcium (8.77 g - kg–1 d.m.), magnesium (on the average 2.21 g - kg–1 d.m.) and sulphur (3.37 g - kg–1 d.m.) was found in leaves foliage in comparison with unripe bulbs. Also significantly higher content of manganese (on the average 28.97 mg -kg–1 d.m.), iron (459.85 mg - kg–1 d.m.) and copper (on the average 6.67 mg - kg–1 d.m.) was found in leaves foliage than in bulbs. Method of winter onion cultivation with plants covering with non-woven PP 17 affected the increase of content of magnesium, sulphur, manganese, iron and copper in comparison with method of cultivation without covers.

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Przeglądaj FPUTS seria Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica, 2018 wg Tytuł

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