FPUTS seria Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica, 2015

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https://oa.zut.edu.pl/handle/20.500.12539/711

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Open Access
Analysis of the Myostatin Gene (MSTN) Polymorphism in Four Breeds of Horses
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Polasik, Daniel; Pikuła, Ryszard; Gawlik, Justyna; Ochman, Joanna; Terman, Arkadiusz; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Animal-Assisted Therapy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Gene encoding myostatin – MSTN is a marker for race distance, speed indices and body composition in Thoroughbred racehorses . Because it shows high variability depends on breed and utility type the aim of this study was to: design PCR based test for g.66493737C/T polymorphism analysis in intron 1 of the equine MSTN gene; analyze occurrence of g.66493737C/T variants in four breeds of horses, raised in Poland. Investigations were carried out on 209 horses belong to the following breeds: Holstein, Polish Noble Half-breed, Polish Heavy Draft and Polish Konik. For MSTN gene analysis amplification created restriction site method (ACRS) was applied. Digestion of MSTN gene amplicons (132bp) by RsaI enzyme allowed to discriminate individual genotypes based on following restriction fragments lengths: TT – 132bp, CT – 132, 103, 29bp and CC – 103, 29bp. Obtained results showed that CC genotype (speedy, sprint type) was present only in Holstein breed (0.073), which is known to have English Thoroughbreds ancestors. CT genotype (fast, middle-distance type) appeared with highest frequency (0.735) in Polish Noble Half-breed horses. Both of breeds represents saddle type. Last genotype – TT (greater stamina) was most common in Polish Heavy Draft (0.830) and Polish Konik (0.736) horses which are classified to heavy-draught and general type respectively. Differences in genotypes frequencies between breeds were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05 for CC, p ≤ 0.01 for TT and p ≤ 0.001 for CT). Results of this study showed MSTN gene variants differentiation depends on utility type and breed of horses raised in Poland.
Open Access
Anthropogenic Industrisols within Ewa Peninsula in Szczecin Port Part I. Stratygraphy and Chemical Properties
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Malinowski, Ryszard; Protasowicki, Mikołaj; Niedźwiecki, Edward; Meller, Edward; Sammel, Adam; Szkudlarek, Piotr; Treńczak, Karolina; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Toxicology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The studies included initial industrisols (ecranic) on the peninsula Ewa in Szczecin port. Samples of these soils were collected from deep boreholes (to 13 m below ground level), whereas those of humus soils from the topsoil 0–25(30 cm) of sporadically occurring lawns. Port infrastructure did not allow sampling deeper strata. In stratigraphic structure of initial ekranosols, the surface layer, 2.7–4.4 m thick (mean 3.20 m) of sand, transported to improve the swampy terrain under construction, was distinguished. Transported material, obtained from dredging the nearby water bodies contributed to the compaction of Holocene formations (organic deposits and fen peat), visible at the depth 3.20–9.00 m. This sandy cover layer, under reinforced concrete slabs, contained 2–5% fraction <0.002 mm and only in its upper part, skeleton fractions of anthropogenic origin. It was characterised by pHKCl 5.7–8.0), a slight to 1% CaCO3 content, mean 7.0 g · kg–1 content of organic carbon and wide C : N 17.5 : 1 ratio, whereas the predominant organic layer of examined boreholes had pHKCl 4.9–6.7, organic carbon in the range 174.1–183.7 g · kg–1 and the ratio of C : N from 13.5 : 1 to 16.7 : 1. Comparison of topsoil properties of initial industrisols (ekranic) of thickness 0.25–1.50 m, with humus soils under squares, confirms the common origin of these sandy soil materials. Humus soils also contained 3–6% fraction <0.002 mm, similar reaction and CaCO3 content. Increased, in these soils, content of organic carbon to 28.6 g · kg–1 and in some cases even to 86.6 g · kg–1, and total nitrogen from 2.2 to 8.9 g · kg–1 resulted in a more beneficial ratio of C : N from 9.7 : 1 to 13.0 : 1. High accumulation of organic carbon and available phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium is, first of all, the effect of fertilisation and cultivation practices. The analysis of these properties shows how important role, in the ecosystem of urban and industrial-urban soils, is played by land utilisation, which is becoming a vital soil-forming factor.
Open Access
Anthropogenic Industrisols within Ewa Peninsula in Szczecin Port Part II. Content of Heavy Metals
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Protasowicki, Mikołaj; Niedźwiecki, Edward; Meller, Edward; Malinowski, Ryszard; Rajkowska-Myśliwiec, Monika; Department of Toxicology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Soil material collected for Part I, Stratigraphy, chemical properties, including macroelements of industrisols (initial and humus) within Peninsula Ewa in Szczecin Port was used for determining the concentration of heavy metals: Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Mn and Fe in these soils. The studies showed that the soils sealed with reinforced concrete slabs, in their surface layer 0.25–1.50 m, on a small area, contained an extremely high amount of lead 11 755.0 mg · kg–1 DM, accompanied by the content of copper amounting to – 135.6 mg · kg–1 DM. Such a high, point, contamination occurred only on a few to several m3 of transported sandy material. In the light of Polish legal regulations, the mentioned level of lead exceeds the permissible concentration for the land of group C (industrial, mining and traffic areas). Adjacent to the sealed soils, humus industrisols of green areas, were characterised by elevated mean content of heavy metals: Cd – 1.36; Pb – 409.4; Zn – 673.6; Cu 89.6 mg · kg–1 DM in their surface layer 0.0–0.20(0.30) m. A great role in the accumulation of the above metals might have been played by spreading dust pollution caused by other port operations such as cargo unloading and reloading.
Open Access
The Antibacterial Properties of Silage from Different Varieties of Sorghum
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Galbas, Mariola; Selwet, Marek; Borkowski, Andrzej; Cłapa, Tomasz; Porzucek, Filip; Skrzypczak, Witold; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland; Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Poland; Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Soil and Plant Cultivation, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
Sorghum is a good silage material due to its good productivity, low buffer capacity and high content of soluble carbohydrates. The aim of the study was to examine the antagonistic properties of bacteria present in the silage prepared from different varieties of sorghum, against pathogenic enterobacteria. Potentially antibacterial microorganisms from the silages were investigated by means of the well method and by measuring the size of growth inhibition zones observed on bacterial lawns made from the Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. genera and Escherichia coli species. The PCR method was used for qualitative detection of the DNA of antagonistic bacteria. Lactobacillus plantarum was the predominant species in the silage.
Open Access
Changes of Chemical Properties of Brunic Arenosols (Rusty Soils) After Eleven Years of Their Fallowing
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Chudecka, Justyna; Tomaszewicz, Tomasz; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The aim of study was to compare of chemical properties (pH, sorption properties, content of humus, Al+3, H+, available forms of Mg, P, K) of Brunic Arenosols (typical rusty soils) from time of their agricultural use and after 11 years of their fallowing. Properties were determined by methods commonly applicable in soil science. It was found that fallowed soils contained significantly higher amount of humus than those cultivated. Fallowing period favored the acidification of soils, but this process occurred with different intensity in soil profile, depending on grain composition. Acidification process was associated with decrease of base capacity (BC), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and base saturation (BS) and increase of content of exchangeable aluminum and hydrogen forms. Fallowed soils contained a higher content of available magnesium and phosphorus than arable soils, while amount of available potassium was comparable.
Open Access
Comparison of CA, P and MG Concentration Changes in the Serum of Fallow Deer (Dama Dama) Hinds and Stags During the Period of Antler Growth in Stags
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Skuratko, Agata; Department of Reproductive Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
In the study we decided to determine the dynamics of Ca, P and Mg concentration changes in the serum of fallow deer females and males in the period of antler growth in males and consider the validity of introducing the sex-dependent mineral supplementation programs in the aforementioned period. The study was performed on adult fallow deer hinds (n = 8) and stags (n = 8). The concentrations of Ca, P and Mg were measured in the serum samples, which were collected monthly from April to September. In the hinds the dynamic of mineral concentration changes does not show any significant variations and is characterized by a stable and constant growth through the experiment. In the males a similar profile of concentrations is observed through the most of the study except a considerable difference in September, when a rapid decrease in the level of all three minerals was noted. The results suggest that the pasture feed consumed in spring and summer is sufficient to ensure the constant complementation of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium reserve however in the period of antler mineralization in males, the intensification of mineral supplementation for stags may be considerable.
Open Access
Comparison of Growth, Flowering and Bulbs Yield of Four Ornithogalum L. Species Grown in the Ground
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Salachna, Piotr; Zawadzińska, Agnieszka; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
The aim of the studies in the years 2009–2010, carried out in the climate conditions of Szczecin, was to compare the morphological traits, the course of flowering and the increase in number and weight of bulbs of four species: Arabian starflower (Ornithogalum arabicum L.), Sun star (Ornithogalum dubium Houtt.), Giant Chincherinchee (Ornithogalum saundersiae Bak.), and Chincherinchee (Ornithogalum thyrsoides Jacq.). The bulbs were planted in soil after the 10th of May, and harvested in the first decade of October. The investigated species of Ornithogalum were found to differ significantly in their morphological traits, flowering and bulb yield. Field-grown O. arabicum, O. saundersiae and O. thyrsoides flowered and produced adventitious bulb each year. Among the cultivated species, O. saundersiae was characterized by the longest flowering period, it had the longest leaves and inflorescence scapes, and its inflorescences contained the highest number of flowers. The parent bulbs of O. saundersiae produced also the greatest number of adventitious bulbs. The O. dubium plants did not produce inflorescences or adventitious bulbs in either year of the study.
Open Access
Comparison of Meat Quality of Selected Exotic Animals Species
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Balowski, Mateusz; Sobczak, Małgorzata; Żochowska-Kujawska, Joanna; Pytel-Zając, Olga; Niedźwiedź, Marcin; Department of Meat Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Meat Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Meat Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Meat Science, West Pomeraniane University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Slaughterhouse and Meat Products, Janusz Niedźwiedź, Wholesale, Kalisz Pomorski, Poland
The paper presents a quality analysis of meat from most valuable elements of carcass of two exotic animals species: kangaroo (silverside – m. biceps femoris and m. semitendinosus) and crocodile (tail – m. longissimus). It compared results of histological assays with results of instrumental analysis of texture and sensory evaluation and then with results of measurements of pH value and cooking losses of meat. It was found a significant (p ≤ 0.01) effect of animal species on average values of structural elements (with exception of thickness of endomysium) and cohesiveness (in instrumental assessment) of meat, as well as average scores of sensory evaluation (with exception of chewiness) and cooking losses of meat. Crocodile and kangaroo meat was not significantly different in terms of TPA test parameters such as hardness, springiness, plasticity, chewiness and gumminess. Muscles from leg of kangaroo were contained smaller muscle fibers with less regular shape and thicker.
Open Access
Comparison of Processing Fruit Quality of Several Grape Varieties Cultivated in Climatic Conditions of Poland and Bulgaria
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Angelov, Ludmil; Stalev, Bojan; Ochmian, Ireneusz; Mijowska, Kamila; Chełpiński, Piotr; Faculty of Viticulture and Horticulture, Agricultural University in Plovdiv, Mendeleev 12, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Faculty of Viticulture and Horticulture, Agricultural University in Plovdiv, Mendeleev 12, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Juliusza Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Juliusza Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Juliusza Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland
Wine producers have been working on selecting the most suitable grape variety for specific regions and therefore improving wine production technology for numerous years. Climate changes lead to change in grape quality; in the future these changes will have to be considered by the vineyard owners as they will affect cultivation methods, harvest dates and vinification process. The aim of this paper is to compare the quality of several grape varieties cultivated in different climatic conditions. Research material was collected from vineyards situated in the Szczecin Lowlands (Poland) and Plovdiv (Bulgaria). The study focused on three grape varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Pinot Noir. Measured characteristics included contained physical parameters: ruit weight, bunch weight and length and firmness as well as chemical composition: soluble solids, acidity, pH, ascorbic acid and nitrates levels, anthocyanin index. Analysed fruit was also examined in terms of colouration and must colour changes during maceration. Climatic conditions of the crop location had significant influence on the chemical composition of fruits, for example Bulgarian fruit featured higher levels of extract and pH combined with lower acidity. The Cabernet Sauvignon variety, regardless of crop location, had the highest levels of extract and organic acids. The juice obtained from Bulgarian grapes was darker (L*) than the juice from the fruit harvested in Poland. On the other hand, the juice of Polish fruit had more blue pigment (b*). It was also found that a* and b* fruit colour parameters are highly correlated with the anthocyanin index.
Open Access
The Conservation Requirements of Rare ind Threatened Vascular Plants of Natura 2000 Habitats of the Dolina Płoni i Jezioro Miedwie (Płonia Valley and Miedwie Lake) Special Area of Conservation
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Bacieczko, Wanda; Kaszycka, Emilia; Department of Meteorology and Landscape Architecture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Meteorology and Landscape Architecture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The Dolina Płoni i Jezioro Miedwie (Płonia Valley and Miedwie Lake) PLH 320006 is one of the most valuable Natura 2000 sites in West Pomerania. It has been established to protect 17 types of natural habitats, 2 plant species, and 4 animal species. The aim of this study was the selection of the most valuable vascular plant species found in this site. From the 745 species recorded within the research area, 93 taxa of high environmental value have been chosen. Among them, there are legally protected species, as well as the taxa endangered with extinction perspective, vulnerable and rare to Poland and West Pomerania. More than a half of the valuable species constitute the indicators of natural habitats protected in the site. The most numerous are the species characteristic for natural and semi-natural grassland habitats. The major threats to the selected taxa include: eutrophication, improper water management, secondary succession caused by the abandonment of traditional agricultural methods, and simplification of the age- and species-structure of woods, which all result in the decrease of habitats biological diversity.
Open Access
Correlation Between Selected Metric Traits of the Head Skeleton and the Bone Elements of the Thoracic and Pelvic Limbs and Sex and Litter Size in Long-Tailed Chinchilla (Chinchilla Laniger, Molina 1782)
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Pęzińska-Kijak, Katarzyna; Baranowski, Piotr; Department of Animal Anatomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Animal Anatomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
This study aimed at determining the values of basic osteometric traits of the long and flat bones allowing for sex and litter size as well as finding out whether a statistical correlation exists between the cranial traits and those of selected post-cranial bones in long-tailed chinchilla. The study material consisted of 140 humeri, scapulae, femora and pelvises and 136 crania of farm long-tailed chinchillas of both sexes from single and multiple litters. A greater correlation was found in the chinchilla skeleton between the head skeleton and the skeleton of the shoulder and pelvic girdles in females than in males, whereas no significant effect of sex and litter size on the metric traits of long-tailed chinchilla scapula, humerus, pelvis and femur.
Open Access
Dendroflora of Gryfino
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Nowak, Grzegorz; Nowakowska, Małgorzata; Department of Meteorology and Landscape Architecture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Meteorology and Landscape Architecture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The aim of the thesis was to acquaint oneself with the dendroflora of Gryfino. The research was carried out between 2009 and 2010 and in 2013. Out of 279 taxons specified to their as species and a variety, 5.0% are plants of European origin, 22.6% – plants occurring naturally in Europe and outside of Europe, 15.0% are plants of Asian origin, 11.8% – plants occurring naturally in North America, 4.7% are hybrids, and 40.9% – domesticated plants (cultivars). Out of trees and shrubs rarely cultivated in Poland, there are for example Abies grandis, Abies procera ‘Glauca’, Picea omorika ‘Pendula’, Cedrus libani subsp. atlantica ‘Pendula’, Pinus ponderosa, Pinus wallichiana, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Cryptomeria japonica, C. japonica ‘Elegans’, Berberis julianae, Berberis verruculosa, Crataegus persimilis ‘Splendens’, Gleditsia triacanthos, Ilex aquifolium, Viburnum ×pragense, Viburnum rhytidophyllum, Catalpa bignonioides, Campsis radicans, Clerodendron trichotomum. There are few trees reaching monumental sizes: 8 gymnosperm trees belonging to 2 taxons and 12 angiosperm trees belonging to 7 taxons.
Open Access
Dry Period Length and milk Yield in the Next Lactation
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Siatka, Kamil; Sawa, Anna; Department of Cattle Breeding, University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz, Poland; Department of Cattle Breeding, University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz, Poland
The present review attempts to sum up the knowledge concerning the effect of dry period length on the milk yield of cows in the next lactation. The dry period is characterized by radical changes in the anatomy, histology and physiology of the mammary gland, which undergoes the stages of active involution, steady state, and colostrum production. The 60-day dry period, once considered optimal, was adopted at the beginning of the 20th century. However, the duration of this period needs to be revised because intensive breeding work that has been carried out over the last 40 years coupled with improvements in environmental conditions caused the milk yield of cows to double in many countries. Higher milk yields increased changes in cow productivity, among others by extending lactations, which possibly indicates that cows are able to produce milk for a long time, as a result of which the dry period could be shorter.
Open Access
Effect of Carbohydrate Source on In Vitro Propagation and Rooting of Two Cultivars of Petunia (Petunia × Atkinsiana D. Don)
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Krupa-Małkiewicz, Marcelina; Fornal, Natalia; Kosatka, Alicja; Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The effects of carbohydrate type and concentration on shoot multiplication of two cultivars of Petunia × atkinsiana D. Don ‘Prism White’ and ‘Prism Rose’ and on the root formation in in vitro culture were investigated. Sucrose, fructose, glucose, and maltose were tested at concentration ranging from 0 to 50 g · dm–3. Glucose and maltose did not stimulate proliferation of petunia shoots. Either the lack of carbon source or its high concentration (50 g · dm–3) was completely ineffective in rooting induction for both cvs. ‘Prism White’ and ‘Prism Rose’. In ‘Prism White’ the highest mean values for microshoot number together with the highest number of new shoots per one explant was obtained on the medium containing 30 g · dm–3 of fructose. Considering ‘Prism Rose’, the more favorable sugar source and concentration for shoot length was obtained on medium with 30 g · dm–3 of sucrose. The highest number of adventitious roots produced per shoot of petunia ‘Prism White’ was obtained on medium supplemented with 40 g · dm–3 of glucose and for petunia ‘Prism Rose’ – 30 g · dm–3 sucrose and maltose. The results presented in this study indicate that sucrose could be replaced by other carbon source in micropropagation of petunia.
Open Access
The Effect of Chilling and Freezing of Poultry Meat in the Presence of Campylobacter Jejuni
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Selwet, Marek; Galbas, Mariola; Borkowski, Andrzej; Cłapa, Tomasz; Porzucek, Filip; Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland; Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Poland; Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
Improperly stored poultry meat may be contaminated with bacteria of the Campylobacter spp. genus. Chilling and freezing meat may be one of the factors inhibiting the growth of these bacteria on meat products. The aim of this study was to check the influence of low temperatures 4°C and –18°C on the frequency of occurrence of these bacteria in poultry meat. Samples of poultry meat (n = 450) were collected at random from selected slaughterhouses. C. jejuni were identified using an API test and PCR reaction. Chilling was found to reduce the occurrence of C.jejuni in raw poultry meat by 90.3%. Freezing meat completely eliminated contamination with C. jejuni bacteria. To sum up, chilling meat does not guarantee total elimination of Campylobacter spp.
Open Access
Effect of Crop Variety and Covering Plants on Formation of Biochemical Parameters of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica Chinensis Juslen.)
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Bychowiec, Katarzyna; Smolik, Beata; Słodkowski, Paweł; Auriga, Alicja; Pelc, Justyna; Sędzik, Maja; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of covers (foil perforated by 100 and 400 holes per 1 m2 and woven polypropylene Argyle P17) and method of cultivation (sowing seed and a base solution) on selected physiological parameters (concentration of carbon dioxide and transpiration) and bio-chemical (concentration of proline and malondialdehyde) in the leaves of two varieties of Chinese cabbage (Yoj-Choy and Green Fortune F1) growing in the field. Cover used in the experiment affected the biochemical parameters studied plants. The highest uptake assimilation was demonstrated in the case of perforated foil 400 holes per 1 m2, whereas the smallest in the case of non-woven polypropylene. The foil also consed the highest level of transpiration. Woven to the greatest extent caused the increase the concentration of proline and malondialdehyde in leaves of cabbage. The highest concentrations of these parameters were found in a Yoi-Choy F1 variety.
Open Access
Effect of Depth of Placement of the Hydrogel and the Type of Soil Cover on the Initial Growth and Development of Lawn Grasses
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Jankowski, Kazimierz; Sosnowski, Jacek; Czeluściński, Wiesław; Wiśniewska- Kadżajan, Beata; Malinowska, Elżbieta; Department of Grassland and Green Area Creation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Grassland and Green Area Creation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Grassland and Green Area Creation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Grassland and Green Area Creation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Grassland and Green Area Creation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities
The aim of this work to determine the effect of superabsorbent Aqua–Gel P4 on the dynamics of lawns emergence. The experiment was established in 2007. The studies were carried out on the base of two lawn experiments. The first experience was a monoculture lawn where in pure sown four species of lawn grasses were studied. In the second experiment four designed mixtures of the same grass species were used. At the beginning of the study (2007) after 15 and 30 days, evaluating of the grasses emergence was done. The type of used soil cover (cultivated soil or garden peat) did not cause significant variation in the emergence of both lawn grasses sown in pure stand and in mixtures. With the increasing of the depth of hydrogel placement (5, 10, 15 cm) in soil, the emergence value of the lawn grasses sown in both as pure stand and in mixtures has worsThe aim of this work to determine the effect of superabsorbent Aqua–Gel P4 on the dynamics of lawns emergence. The experiment was established in 2007. The studies were carried out on the base of two lawn experiments. The first experience was a monoculture lawn where in pure sown four species of lawn grasses were studied. In the second experiment four designed mixtures of the same grass species were used. At the beginning of the study (2007) after 15 and 30 days, evaluating of the grasses emergence was done. The type of used soil cover (cultivated soil or garden peat) did not cause significant variation in the emergence of both lawn grasses sown in pure stand and in mixtures. With the increasing of the depth of hydrogel placement (5, 10, 15 cm) in soil, the emergence value of the lawn grasses sown in both as pure stand and in mixtures has worsen.
Open Access
Effect of the Age at First Calving on Milk Performance in Simental Cows
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Cioch, Barbara; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Rzewucka-Wójcik, Edyta; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The studies included 88 Simental cows which were kept on farm in the West Pomerania province. The effect of age at first calving depending on milk performance in subsequent 305-day lactations were determined. The highest milk, fat and protein yield in third lactation was characteristic for the cows calving between 26 and 29 month of age, whereas in the first and second lactations – for cows calving below 26 month of age. The highest fat and protein content was observed in milk of cows which calved late – after the age 29 months. No clear dependence was found between the age of first calving and milk performance traits in lactations.
Open Access
Effects of Cadmium and Salinity-Sodicity on Acid and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity with Reference to Ecological Importance of Soil Pollution
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Telesiński, Arkadiusz; Stręk, Michał; Śnioszek, Martyna; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
The aim of the study was to determine the changes of the acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in the soil caused by the presence of cadmium and NaCl. The experiment was carried out in the laboratory condition, on soil samples taken from the arable-humus horizon of Gumieniecka Plain black earths. Granulometric composition of this soil was sandy loam. The organic carbon content was 1.09%, total nitrogen content was 0.14% and pH in 1 M KCl 6.81. Various concentrations of Cd(NO3)2 and NaCl were introduced to soil samples. The amount of cadmium added to the soil was 0, 1, 5 and 25 mg Cd2+ · kg–1 , and the amount of NaCl was 0 and 0.5% of soil weight. On day 1, 7, 14, 28 , 56 and 112 alkaline and acid phosphatase activity was determined spectrophotometrically. The obtained results are converted with respect to the enzyme activity in the soil controls (assuming it to be 100%) and given as percent of inhibition. The results were shown as environmental danger zones graphs. The activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase changed significantly after addition of cadmium and sodium chloride to the soil. Both, cadmium and salinity of the soil, caused inhibition of phosphatase activity, which increased with enhancing concentration of metals in the soil. Sodium chloride intensified the negative effect of cadmium on phosphatase activity in the soil. Observed inactivation of phosphatases caused by 25 mg Cd2+ · kg–1 of Cd ranged, on the graphs of ecological danger zones, in the area of critical values, which may indicate that cadmium disturbs the metabolism of phosphorus compounds in soil.
Open Access
Estimation of the Selected Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum l.) Varieties Cultivated in Organic and Conventional Crop Production Systems
(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Łysoń, Ewelina; Biel, Wioletta; Sobolewska, Magdalena; Department of Pig Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Pig Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Agronomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Four winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (Akteur, Adler, Discus, JB Asano) derived from organic and conventional production systems carried out in 2010–2011 at Gülzow (Germany) were evaluated. The wheat samples were analysed for content of dry mass, protein, fat, crude fibre, total carbohydrates and fibre fractions (NDF, ADF, ADL, HCEL, CEL). Grain originated from organic system had on average the crude protein 27% lower than that from conventional one (p < 0.05). It was found, that the winter wheat grain from organic system contained the higher level of total carbohydrates (p < 0.01) and crude fibre than that from conventional one (p < 0.05). The examined cultivars also significantly differed in the content of crude fiber and dietary fiber fractions. The conducted research did not allow an unequivocal determination of the crop production system that would have more beneficial influence on nutritious value of winter wheat grain.

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Przeglądaj FPUTS seria Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica, 2015 wg Tytuł

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