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  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) applied instead of first mating improves reproduction in mink (Neovison vison)
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Seremak, Beata; Pławski, Kamil; Felska-Błaszczyk, Lidia; Lasota, Bogdan; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Laboratory of Animal Anatomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The aim of the study was to determine how an administration of chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in place of the first mating would affect breeding performance of female American mink (Neovison vison). The experiment was conducted in two consecutive breeding seasons on groups of females composed of one- and two-year old mink, similar in body weight, belonging to three colour morphs: Sapphire, Standard Brown (Wild), and Mahogany. The experimental group were females treated with an injection of 20 IU hCG instead of being subjected to the first mating. The females were first mated on day 8 after the treatment, repeated on the following day (scheme: 8 + 9). The control females were mated in a conventional way, three times (scheme: 1 + 8 + 9). Statistically significant differences were found in litter sizes (both numbers of born and live-born kits) in favour of the hormonally treated females. The Mahogany females, treated with hCG, produced larger litters in both studied seasons, whereas Standard Brown and Sapphire females – in the second year of the experiment. The results indicate a positive effect of hCG stimulation on the fertility of female mink and advocate its use in the breeding practice.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    SLC27A1 gene polymorphism analysis in relation to milk production traits in Jersey cows
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Kulig, Hanna; Kałłas, Tomasz; Kowalewska-Łuczak, Inga; Kunicka, Melania; Wojdak-Maksymiec, Katarzyna; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The aim was to establish possible associations between the g.14791C>T and g.14589A>G SNPs in the SLC27A1 gene and milk production traits as well as somatic cell count in milk of Jersey cows. No significant associations were found between the genotypes and the analyzed traits. Further study on a larger number of animals is necessary to determine the potential effect of this SNP on the fat yield and fat content in milk.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The effect of soil tillage system and nitrogen fertilization on baking quality of winter spelt cultivars
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Hury, Grzegorz; Stankowski, Sławomir; Makarewicz, Artur; Sobolewska, Magdalena; Biel, Wioletta; Opatowicz, Natalia; Department of Agronomy, West Pomerania University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, West Pomerania University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, Siedlce University of Natural Science and Humanities; Department of Agronomy, West Pomerania University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Pig Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomerania University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, West Pomerania University of Technology, Szczecin
    The material for investigation were grain samples obtained from an experiment conducted in 2009–2011 at the Agricultural Experimental Station in Lipnik, near Szczecin. The study compared 3 factors: two systems of soil tillage (reduced and conventional), 4 nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg · ha–1) and 3 winter spelt cultivars (‘Franckenkorn’, ‘Oberkulmer Rothkorn’, ‘STH 12’). The quality and farinograph traits of grain, flour and dough were estimated. Soil tillage systems – reduced and conventional – practically had not effect on grain and flour quality. Significant difference was observed only for gluten content. Nitrogen fertilization influenced significantly most of the quality traits. The optimal nitrogen level was 100 kg N · ha–1. Only for gluten index and gluten weakening the highest values have been observed at control variant without nitrogen fertilization. There was no interaction between cultivars and nitrogen fertilization except for gluten index. Mean values of this trait for cultivars ‘Oberkulmer Rothkorn’ and ‘Franckenkorn’ was on the same level at different nitrogen dose. Gluten index for cultivar ‘STH 12’ decreased significantly at higher doses. The results of farinograph analyses indicate that cultivar with the best baking quality was ‘Oberkulmer Rothkorn’, while with the worst quality – ‘Franckenkorn’.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Analysis of renal expression of TRPM6 and TRPM7 in growing piglets fed a diet supplemented with inulin –type fructans. A pilot study
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Michałek, Katarzyna; Medeńska, Weronika; Pietrzak, Sandra; Staśkiewicz, Łukasz; Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences Jabłonna
    A diet enriched with inulin-type fructans has multidirectional, beneficial health effects for both humans and animals. The benefits of such a modified diet include increased intestinal absorption of micro- and macrominerals, including magnesium (Mg2+). It is generally known that Mg2+ is involved in many biological processes, and a disruption of its homeostasis during the growth and development may result in a number of adverse changes. Maintaining the proper balance of Mg2+ involves many mechanisms and factors, among them the recently identified protein TRPM6 and TRPM7 (transient receptor potential melastin 6 and 7). Since the available literature lacks any information about TRPM6 and TRPM7 in farm animals, including swine, we have undertaken this research aimed at identification of these proteins in the kidney of growing piglets and analysis of the impact of diets supplemented with inulin-type fructans on their expressions. The study was performed on 16 male, PIC x Penarlan P76 crossbred piglets. Animals were divided into two groups: the control was fed a standard diet and the treatment group was fed a diet supplemented with 3% aqueous solution of inulin-type fructans. As a result of the study, using Western blotting, we found TRPM6 and TRPM7 in the kidneys of growing piglets. We also found that renal expression of TRPM6 increased in the animals treated with a diet supplemented with inulin-type fructans. Expression of TRPM7, on the other hand, did not change. The increase in TRPM6 expression in the supplement-treated animals presumably contributed to an increased renal retention of Mg2+. The changes in the expression of TRPM6 seem to be a positive effect of the dietary supplementation with inulin-type fructans.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Effect of the feed additive effective microorganisms™ (EMTM) on milk and reproductive performance of polish holstein-fresian black-and-white cows
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Majsakowski, Wojciech; Cioch, Barbara; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The aim of study was to evaluate the influence of using EMTM probiotics in dairy cattle feeding on production and reproductive performance and birth weight of calves. The present investigation was undertaken at a large commercial farm in West Pomerania province in 2010. 211 cows were chosen to determine the effect of EMTM probiotics on studied parameters. These cows were divided into two groups: Control Group (A) and Treatment Group (B). Group B were fed during first month of the experiment 150 ml/day/animal probiotics and in next months 75 ml/day/animal. In current work we analyzed chosen reproductive parameters (age at first calving and intercalving period) and milk performance in standard lactation. It has been noticed that cows in Group B in 1st lactation characterized higher milk yield, FCM, fat and protein yield [kg] and fat content (P ≤ 0.01) compared to Group A. In addition, during comparing both groups it was found that cows in Group B in 3rd lactation received the highest milk yield, FCM, fat and protein yield [kg]. Considering protein yield the result was significant (P ≤ 0.05). On the other hand, no significant differences were found for using EMTM probiotics on reproductive parameters and calves’ birth weight [kg].
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The effect of tillage system and nitrogen fertilization on nutritional value of winter spelt wheat cultivars
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Biel, Wioletta; Hury, Grzegorz; Jaroszewska, Anna; Sadkiewicz, Józef; Stankowski, Sławomir; Department of Pig Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of the Food Technology, University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz; Department of the Food Technology, University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz
    The field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Station of the West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, in Lipnik near Stargard Szczeciński in 2009−2011. The experimental factors consisted of: tillage systems (simplified and plow), selected cultivars and strains of spelt (‘Frankenkorn’, ‘Oberkulmer Rotkorn’, ‘STH 8’, ‘STH 11’, ‘STH 12’), and nitrogen fertilization levels (control – 0, 50, 100, 150 kg N . ha–1). Material for the study included samples of grain obtained as an average for the experimental combinations. In samples of grain were determined the basic chemical composition and fiber fractions. The research indicates that there are opportunities to shape the size of nutrient levels, which determines the use of spelt grain in the food industry by agronomic factors. Higher nitrogen fertilization significantly increased content of total protein (154 g . kg–1). Cultivar and strain factor had significant effect on the content of total protein (154 g . kg–1), crude fat (19.3 g . kg–1) and crude ash (20.8 g . kg–1) as well as neutral-detergent (114 g . kg–1) and acidic-detergent dietary (33.3 g . kg–1) fiber fractions.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Oxygraphic evaluation of activity of respiratory enzymes in boar's semen
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Kopczyński, Piotr; Lasota, Bogdan; Ogoński, Tadeusz; Stankiewicz, Tomasz; Gaczarzewicz, Dariusz; Skolmowska, Magdalena; Department of Physiological Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Physiological Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Physiological Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Physiological Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    In the article advantages of the use of oxygraphic method for metabolic examination of mitochondrial respiratory enzymes in boar spermatozoa were described. Investigations were performed on semen samples taken from 36 boars of 4 breeds, at the age from 8 to 40 months. All samples of semen characterized at least 80% content of motile spermatozoa. The rate of oxygen uptake was measured with the use of Clark type electrode connected with analog-digital recorder. Measurements were executed in temperature 37°C, and the rate of oxygen uptake (v) was expressed in nmol O2 · min–1 per 108 spermatozoa. The values of oxygen consumption rate after application of succinate (vs) and PMS (vp) made up the basis of analysis. The results show that the method of oxygraphic evaluation of spermatozoa movement system described in the paper makes possible the precise investigation of the spermatozoa respiratory chain status and enables selection of boars with the best parameters of semen. This method can be taken in consideration at semen examination in the course of boar's selection for the AI stations, after boar's reproductive disease, in periodical semen tests and also when taking decision about the boar's elimination.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Morphometric study of the uterus of lowland European Bison Bison Bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758)
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Olbrych, Katarzyna; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Bartyzel, Bartłomiej J.; Max, Andrzej; Szara, Tomasz; Departament of Mofphological Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Departament of Mofphological Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa; Departament of Small Animal Diseases whit Clinic, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa; Departament of Mofphological Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa
    Despite successful restitution in Poland, European bison still belongs to endangered species. The aim of study was to describe the morphology of the uterus of European bison and to perform morphometric analysis of the organ as well as to compare findings with available data on domestic cattle. The material consisted of female genital organs obtained from 55 females living in the Białowieża Forest. The animals were divided into two age groups. Group I consisted of 36 sexually immature females, while group II comprised 19 sexually mature animals. Significant differences were observed between the two age groups. In young female uteri, except cranial parts of horns, lay in the pelvic cavity. In older animals, most of which have already given birth, uteri were bigger, therefore only a distal half of the cervix was located in the pelvis, while the rest of the organ stretched to the abdominal cavity. Generally, the uterus of the European bison is similar to that organ in domestic cows, however some differences were specified, may be related to a different lifestyle.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Analysis of the effect of the order of calving, calf sex and milk yield of cows on growth parameters of limousin calves
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Wróbel, Agnieszka; Cioch, Cioch; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The study was taken in the farm located in West Pomerania province where Limousine cattle in purity of breed were kept. The study included a total of 226 Limousine calves in purity of breed, which were born between 2011 and 2014. Data relating to the rearing of calves were obtained from breeding documentation carried out on the farm. Aim of work was to analyze the effect of order of calving, calf sex and milk yield of cows on growth parameters of Limousin calves. Analysis showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01) impact of subsequent calving on birth weight of calves. Calves born in the first calving achieved a significantly lower birth weight (32.4 kg) than calves born in next calving (2–4) (respectively, 36.5 kg, 37.3 kg, 37.9 kg). In the case of weaning weight and daily gains were found significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) between bulls and heifers. These factors in bulls were: 267.3 kg and 1093.3 g, while in heifers, respectively, 256.3 kg, 1048.7 g. There has been a significant impact of milk yield of cows on weaning weight and daily gains of calves. Calves whose mothers were characterized by higher milk yield (> 2000 kg) gained respectively 268.3 kg weaning weight and daily gain 1000.5 g. In the group of calves whose mothers were characterized by a lower milk yield (1501–2000 kg), these factors were respectively 244.8 kg and 993.2 g.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Biology and parasitology of european beaver (Castor fiber L. 1758) – selected issues
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Sikorowski, Karol; Niemiec, Tomasz; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Makarski, Mateusz; Bartyzel, Bartłomiej J.; Paśko, Sławomir; Koczoń, Piotr; Division of Animal Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Division of Animal Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Division of Animal Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences,; Department of Morphological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Virtual Reality Techniques Division, Warsaw University of Technology; Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences
    Beavers are known as biggest rodents leaving in Europe and North America. Two species are included in beaver family: eurpoean beaver (Castor fiber, L.1758) and candian beaver (Castor canadensis, Kuhl 1820). In ancient times beavers existed in whole Europe and in the part of Asia, while their population in Europe decreased systematically from IX century on due to extensive hunts. Consequently, in the end of XIX century only few beavers groups existed in Europe. Within after second world war Poland numerically 130 specimens of European beaver were present. Since then on active protection of this species has started including many environmental programs. It resulted in systematic increase of beaver specimens. Currently beavers came back to their previous regions and some new regions are occupied as well. Their amount reaches over 89000 specimens. This manuscript presents detailed structure of beavers body and their physiology allowing to leave In both water and on land. Beavers natural feed, digestive track, digestive process are described as well. Issues related to reproduction and bringing up are described too. Natural predators are presented. Inside and outside parasites with their action are presented.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Selenoprotein P gene (SEPP1) as a selenium marker concentration
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Korpal, Agnieszka; Woźniak, Katarzyna; Terman, Arkadiusz; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin
    In these days having a right balanced diet is known to be one of the most important factors conditioning health of a person. Healthy eating should be based on two paralelly important elements: correct diet and high food quality. The quality of food is characterized by the high level of substances having positive effect on an organism, that is vitamins and mineral supplements (macro- and microelements). One of the essential trace element is selenium. Selenium is a component of the unusual amino acids selenocysteine and selenomethionine. Both of them are part of the proteins, the so called selenoproteins, which play a crucial role in a human health. It is confirmed that over 95% of the people living in Poland are lacking selenium in their diets. The shortage of selenium could be reduced by ensuring its supply in appropriate diet intakes. From the earliest times, meat is a basic nutritional component for humans. Pork, among other types of meat, has the highest consumption percentage in Polish population. Searching for polymorphisms, which occur in genes coding for proteins crucial in meat quality, is one of the most common research nowadays. One of the important protein is selenoprotein P (SeP). Considering all the above, it seems to be essential to detect functional polymorphisms in selenoprotein P gene. Obtained data will allow in the future for animal selection of a preferable genotype, with a naturally higher selenium content.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Quantitative reduction of feedstock biomass as a result of conversion in anaerobic digestion in agricultural biogas plant
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Grudziński, Michał; Pietruszka, Arkadiusz; Department of Pig Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The aim of study was the estimated quantitative analysis of anaerobic digestion substrates and products, and estimation of feedstock biomass reduction level in agricultural biogas plant located near a pig fattening farm in West Pomerania, Poland. The biogas plant runs two-stage, continuous, thermophilic anaerobic digestion with maize silage and pig slurry from pig farm as a substrates. Quantitative data regarding daily feedstock input, digestate output, and produced biogas from 6 months were collected. The data were statistically analysed in terms of the law of conservation of mass. It has been found, that biomass of digestate was statistically significantly reduced relative to feedstock biomass of 11.86% (p < 0.01). The amount of reduced biomass is not statistically different from the amount of produced biogas, whose mass is 10.21% of the feedstock. This means that observed reduction of biomass was a result of conversion to biogas only, and the installation is working hermetically under the law of mass preservation. Anaerobic digestion, in addition to other benefits, reduces amount of pig slurry due to conversion of biomass to biogas. It has ecological importance, especially in pig industry.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The usage of transgenic animals in therapeutic proteins production
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Brosędzki, Łukasz; Cioch, Barbara; Rzewucka-Wójcik, Edyta; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    Ability to create and use of transgenic animals can have a significant impact on many aspects of human life. These animals can improve medicine and provide new opportunities for the pharmaceutical or the food industry. The aim of this work is to collect available information about genetically modified animals, and the possibilities of their use in various areas of life and science. Aspects which are related to the use of transgenic animals as bioreactors for the production of proteins for therapeutic use will be discussed. The work will explain the concept of GMO, discuss the use of transgenic animals – what are benefits and risks that may be associated with it. The focus is primarily on the use of transgenic animals as bioreactors for the production of therapeutic proteins, the types of these proteins and their source of origin.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Renal expression of aquaporin 2 (AQP2) of growing piglets fed diet supplemented with inulin and probiotics
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Michałek, Katarzyna; Kolasa-Wołosiuk, Agnieszka; Staśkiewicz, Łukasz; Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin; The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences Jabłonna
    Feeds supplemented with probiotics and inulin, which help in the maintenance of desired intestinal microbiota, have beneficial, multidirectional, health-promoting effects. One such effect involves increased bioavailability and absorption of macro- and micronutrients. Enhanced intestinal absorption of many minerals and, in consequence, their elevated blood plasma concentration should provoke a homeostatic response of the kidneys in order to regulate water excretion. Therefore, we have undertaken a pilot study to test the hypothesis that probiotics and inulin added to feed change the localization and increase the expression of aquaporin 2 (AQP2), a protein essential in renal water reabsorption. The study was carried out on 16 Danbred x Duroc crossbred piglets (males). Based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) results, we found that the abundance of AQP2 in animals fed with the modified diet increased mainly in the apical plasma membrane of the collecting duct principal cells. Western blot analysis revealed that in animals fed the supplemented diet the total AQP2 expression in the renal medulla increased too. These changes in the location and expression of AQP2 imply increased renal water reabsorption. Such increased water reabsorption in response to the positive balance of many components seems to support the evidence of the positive effects of dietary probiotics and inulin.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Selecting the date of mating in farm mink (Neovison vison) for optimization of reproduction performance
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Szczypułkowska, Hanna; Felska-Błaszczyk, Lidia; Laboratory Animal Anatomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Laboratory Animal Anatomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of breeding factors, such as gestation length, age, dates and number of matings, on the female reproductive performance in farmed American mink (Neovison vison). We observed a group of 1372 females, variety Silverblue, in the period from 5 to 24 March (mating season) and from 25 April to 10 May (whelping period). We analysed the reproduction in females aged from 1 to 4 years. Apart from age, the evaluation of reproductive performance included the date of the first mating, number of matings and the length of pregnancy. We analysed the litter size at birth and at weaning, as well as the rate of barren females. The results showed that age, date of mating and the number of matings had a significant impact on the length of pregnancy and reproductive performance of the females. It was found that reproductive performance deteriorates in a longer gestation.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    The influence of soil differentiation on chemical composition of sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) leaves as feed material
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Jaroszewska, Anna; Biel, Wioletta; Jurgiel-Małecka, Grażyna; Grajkowski, Józef; Gibczyńska, Marzena; Department of Agronomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Pig Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of General and Ecological Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of General and Ecological Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    Due to the fact that sea buckthorn leaves could be a supplement to animal feed and food products, the present research aimed at determining the content of such elements as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, lead, cadmium, nickel and copper in sea buckthorn leaves as well as establishing the relation between the elements content and soil composition. The leaf samples were collected in June 2014 from wild sea buckthorn shrubs (Hippophae rhamnoides L. ssp. rhamnoides) localised in four spots in Szczecin Poland. The data concerning the content of macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cd) in leaves of wild sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) indicate that the leaves can be considered good animal feed material, comparable to grass and legumes. The fact that content of lead and cadmium in wild sea buckthorn leaves do not exceed the accepted norms for these elements is an another argument confirming its usefulness as an animal feed material.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Selected functions of growth factors from TGF-β superfamily in reproduction processes in ruminants
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Mościcki, Wojciech; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    Transforming growth factors are considered as one of the most important substances, widely affecting the functioning of female reproductive system. Special attention of the research conducted in many centers is devoted to detailed description of growth factors effect on the ovarian cortex layer, which mainly consists of ovarian follicles and oocytes contained in them. Despite many years of research in this field, there are still many not explained issues concerning an influence of individual factors, as well as the effects of their interaction. Due to an increasingly faster development of breeding works, but also the need for more information in the context of reproductive physiology of livestock animals, it was decided to present in this article the current state of knowledge concerning the effects of certain growth factors from TGF-β superfamily on reproductive system of cows, goats and sheep.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Influence of the age on the day of first calving and the length of calving intervals on the milk yield of cows
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Bortacki, Paweł; Kujawiak, Ryszard; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Wójcik, Jerzy; Grzesiak, Wilhelm; Sano-Modern Animal Nutrition Limited Company, Sękowo, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin,
    Badaniami objęto 264 krowy rasy holsztyńsko-fryzyjskiej, o wydajności wynoszącej ponad 10 000 kg mleka, które utrzymywane były w jednym z największych gospodarstw na terenie województwa wielkopolskiego – w Sano Agrar Institut w Lubiniu. Oszacowano wpływ wieku krów w dniu pierwszego wcielenia na produkcyjność w kolejnych trzech 305-dniowych laktacjach. Analizę poszczególnych cech użytkowych wykonano na podstawie analizy wariancji, uwzględniając wpływ laktacji oraz wieku pierwszego wycielenia, jak również okresu międzywycieleniowego. Obliczono także wspołczynnik korelacji prostej pomiędzy badanymi cechami a wiekiem pierwszego wycielenia oraz długością okresu międzywycieleniowego. Najwyższą wydajność mleka, tłuszczu i białka w pierwszej i drugiej laktacji osiągały krowy, których wiek pierwszego wycielenia przypadał na okres powyżej 26 miesięcy. W laktacji trzeciej najwyższą wydajność mleka i białka stwierdzono w grupie krów wycielonych najwcześniej, tj. w wieku poniżej 23 miesięcy. Największą zawartość białka w pierwszej, drugiej i trzeciej laktacji stwierdzono w mleku krów wycielonych po raz pierwszy w wieku poniżej 23 miesięcy. Najkorzystniejszym okresem międzywycieleniowym dla badanego stada był okres powyżej 401 dni.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Methods of selection and characteristics of productive traits of ukrainian carpathian mountain sheep
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Sedilo, Grygoriy; Vovk, Stakh; Petryszyn, Myron; Szewczuk, Małgorzata; Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Obroshyno village, Lviv reg., Ukraine; Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Obroshyno village, Lviv reg., Ukraine; Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Obroshyno village, Lviv reg., Ukraine; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The work leading to creation of a new breed - Carpathian Ukrainian mountain sheep with high quality mixed carpet wool cover came to an end in 1993. It was achieved by breeding local ewes with thick wool covers with Tsigai breed rams. In terms of milk yield and wool quality the new breed was significantly more valuable than sheep of local breeds. At the same time they adapted well to the specific mountain climate and management system. In the current situation of rapid decrease in demand for wool, the breed is still competitive due to universal production objectives and possibility of using not only its good quality wool but also milk and sheep meat. The current direction of improvement is raising milk yield in the sheep of this breed.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Influence of glycolysis process on the formation of meat quality parameters
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2017) Woźniak, Katarzyna; Korpal, Agnieszka; Terman, Arkadiusz; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    Development of technologies for pork production has to take into account the changing tastes of consumers, who are now attach great importance to the quality of raw material. The quality of meat is not easy to define, because it is characterized by a number of physicochemical and sensory parameters. A feature having a positive effect on these parameters is the content of intramuscular fat (IMF). The content of IMF influences on glucose metabolism, and thus is inextricably linked to the glycolytic pathway. The first step of glycolysis is catalyzed by the enzyme hexokinase that participates in the irreversible glucose phosphorylation reaction. One of the hexokinase isoforms occurring in skeletal muscles and muscle tissue is hexokinase 2 (HK2). Due to the role of HK2 as a leading glycolytic enzyme in insulin-sensitive tissues, polymorphisms of the gene encoding this protein can affect its function. Therefore, the gene HK2 has been selected as a candidate gene for pork quality characteristics.