FPUTS seria Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica, 2023

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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12539/1931

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Przeglądaj FPUTS seria Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica, 2023 wg Data wydania

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  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Monitoring Proposal of the Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852)
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Wróblewski , Paweł; Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
    Invasive alien species are one of the major problems in Polish fauna and flora. They can displace native species and cause economic losses. Such animals as red swamp crayfish have a wide tolerance to changing living conditions, which means that their range of occurrence increases over time. The current area of red swamp crayfish in Poland includes several locations, but reports indicate that this species inhabits many other reservoirs. It is very important that the red swamp crayfish population is regularly monitored, which may limit the number of this crustacean in Polish waters.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Nutritional problems of large and giant breed dogs. Part II. Adult dogs
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Kępińska-Pacelik, Jagoda; Biel, Wioletta; Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland; Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
    The subject of dog nutrition is gaining popularity due to the growing awareness of the caregivers. Although there are foods dedicated to dogs of different breeds available on the market, caregivers relatively rarely wonder what they really differ from each other and what significance it has for animals. Many dogs are fed the same food for extended periods of time. The product designated as a complete/maintenance food is, according to legal regulations, balanced in such a way that it can be the only source of food for the animal, without leading to nutrient deficiencies. A dog’s digestive tract has not changed for hundreds of years, but the physiology of dog nutrition depends on the size of the breed. Dogs of small, medium, large and giant breeds, despite the fact that they belong to one species, have different nutritional needs. These differences must be taken into account in order to meet the needs as best as possible. The smaller the dog, the greater the digestive volume, and vice versa. The diet of large and giant breed dogs should be enriched with functional additives supporting the work of the joints. This need results from the fact that representatives of large and giant breeds, due to their size and large body weight, are particularly exposed to excessive strain on the elbows and hips.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Genetic Aspects of Lactose Synthesis in Dairy Cattle
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Śpiewak , Magdalena; Kowalewska, Inga; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Market requirements, dictated by the growing needs of consumers, make it necessary to conduct breeding works to improve the performance characteristics of farm animals. The effectiveness of the breeding goal depends on both the genotype of the animals and the environmental conditions. Genomic selection using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is increasingly used in the selection and evaluation of dairy cattle breeds. In recent years, many experiments have been carried out to determine the relationship between the occurrence of the genotype and performance traits of livestock. The analysis of milk composition carried out so far focused mainly on such milk production traits as milk yield (kg), fat yield (kg), fat content (%), protein yield (kg) and protein content (%). So far, no largescale experiments have been carried out to test the content of lactose in milk and evaluate possible relationships with other milk performance traits. Lactose synthesis in the epithelial cells of the mammary gland serves as a major factor influencing milk volume production. Due to that conducting such an analysis seems to be beneficial for milk producers for economic reasons. An additional advantage may be the use of the obtained results in marker-assisted selection (MAS). The present review summarizes knowledge about lactose synthesis by covering and linking several aspects of cow’s milk.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    The Proposal for Monitoring of Xenopus tropicalis (Gray, 1864) in West Africa
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Stojak, Julia; Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa, Poland
    The main aim of the study was to present the suggested methods of monitoring Xenopus tropicalis, belonging to the subgenus Silurana of the Pipidae family. This species is a model animal, in laboratories it is kept in different conditions than the conditions of the natural environment, which proves its adaptation to a new habitat. In addition, an amphibian inhabiting West Africa has been found in the USA in the wild. This may indicate a potential threat as an invasive species. Active monitoring of this species can provide information about the spread and adaptation to new habitats. So far, no method for monitoring X. tropicalis has been proposed. The proposed method of assessing the condition of the species is based on field studies – the presence and abundance of individuals, while the assessment of the habitat includes many factors such as: the size and depth of the reservoir, its shading and overgrowth of the water surface, the presence of other animals (fish, other species of amphibians, reptiles) and nutritional base (presence of aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates). The proposed monitoring methods can also be used for other species of the Pipidae family that lead a typically aquatic lifestyle.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Effect of lactation number and average daily milk yield in complete lactation on the dry period length of Polish Holstein -Friesian cows
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Salamończyk, Ewa; Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce, Polan
    The aim of the study was to determine the effect of average daily milk yield in complete lactation and lactation number in cows producing at least 8,500 kg of milk in 305-day lactation on the length of the dry period before the next lactation. A total of 1,965 complete, extended lactations in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows subject to use value assessment were analysed. The average complete-lactation daily milk yield was shown to influence the length of the dry period. The average dry period length was 44 days. Dry period length decreased in successive milk-yield groups, from 50 days (average daily yield up to 25 kg of milk) to 28 days (average daily yield over 35 kg in complete lactation). Thus it was confirmed that as milk yield increased, it was more difficult to end lactation. The shortest dry period (only 25 days) was recorded in the youngest cows (second and third lactation) with the highest average daily milk yield in complete lactation (>35 kg). In the oldest cows, i.e. those in their sixth lactation and higher, no statistically significant differences were shown in the length of the dry period depending on daily yield
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Grain yield and morphological characteristics of spring triticale plants as affected by cultivar as well as multinutrient fertiliser type and rate
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Rzążewska, Emilia; Gąsiorowska, Barbara; Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Siedlce, Poland; Vocational State School of Ignacy Mościcki in Ciechanów, Faculty of Engineering and Economics, Ciechanów, Poland
    A field experiment was conducted in Borki-Wyrki, Zbuczyn Gmina (commune), from 2017 to 2019. The objective was to assess yield performance and morphological characteristics of two spring triticale cultivars as affected by multinutrient fertiliser type and rate, the fertilisers being Polifoska 6 and Polifoska Krzem. Three experimental factors were tested: spring triticale cultivar – Milewo and Dublet, mineral fertiliser type – Polifoska 6 and Polifoska Krzem, and mineral fertiliser rate –0 kg∙ha−1, 140 kg∙ha−1, 280 kg∙ha−1, 420 kg∙ha−1. Spring triticale plant development and yield performance were significant affected by experimental factors, that is cultivar, fertiliser type and rate, were shown to influence these characteristics. Superior yields were produced by cv. Dublet compared with cv. Milewo. Cultivars fertilised with Polifoska Krzem produced higher grain yields than Polifoska 6. An increase in fertiliser rate was followed by higher grain yields. Spring triticale cultivar as well as multi-nutrient fertiliser type and rate significantly affected ear length. Significantly longer ears were developed by cv. Milewo. Longer ears were developed by cereal plants fertilised with Polifoska 6. Similarly, higher fertiliser rates had a beneficial effect on ear length. Fertiliser rate contributed to a significant increase in plant height compared with unamended control. Cv. Milewo plants were significantly higher than cv. Dublet plants.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Polymorphism in the GHRL Gene and Milk Production Traitsin Jersey Cattle
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Śpiewak, Magdalena; Kowalewska, Inga; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The aim of this study was to assess potential relationships between GHRL 4491A˃G genotypes and selected milk production traits, including milk yield, protein and fat content, and protein and fat yield. The study involved 180 Jersey cows. Genotypes of individual animals were determined using the ACRS and PCR-RFLP methods. The allele frequencies were as follows: A – 0.98 and G – 0.02. The conducted research revealed statistically significant relationships (P ≤ 0.05) between GHRL genotypes and milk protein content, and tendencies were observed regarding the association of genotypeswith analyzed milk production traits.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Molecular diagnostic tests identifying carriers of SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 gene mutations causing cystinuria in domestic catin Silico analysis
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Kałuska, Joanna; Grzegrzółka, Beata; Gruszczyńska, Joanna; Scientific Association of Experimental and Laboratory Animals, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa, Poland; Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa, Poland; Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa, Poland
    Cystinuria is an inherited genetic disease associated with mutations in the SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 genes. The results of studies in cats indicate heterogeneity of the disease. So far 1 mutation in the SLC3A1 gene and 5 mutations in the SLC7A9 gene have been discovered. Cystinuria is often detected too late (later in life), when adults have already had offspring. Quick and easy diagnosis of the disease is therefore important, even before the symptoms appear. The aim of this study was to design simple diagnostic tests to detect 6 mutations that can cause feline cystinuria. Bioinformatic analysis of the linkage of SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 with other proteins was performed and attempts were made to evaluate the structural and functional changes that occur due to mutations. The following programs and databases were used in the bioinformatics analysis: Ensembl, NCBI, Primer-BLAST, NEBcutter, STRING, SWISS-MODEL, Variant Effect Predictor (VEP). The proposed primers and en zymes for PCR-RFLP and AS-PCR assays enable the identification of mutation carriers. Identified proteins interactions suggest possible links between cystinuria and the development of other diseases. This may indirectly explain the heterogeneous and complex symptoms accompanying cystinuria. A mutation in exon 5 of the SLC7A9 gene (p.Asp236Asn) causes a change in the predicted spatial conformation of the protein. Using the VEP program, the effect of all mutations on protein functionality was assessed as deleterious. It is imperative that cat breeders first perform a molecular test for the mutation of the SLC7A9 gene (exon 7 at position c.881), as previous studies have shown that this is the most common mutation.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Natural and habitat conditions of medow communities in the Northern Polder in the “Ujście Warty” National Park
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Grzelak, Mieczysław; Majchrzak, Leszek; Gaweł, Eliza; Idziak, Robert; Department of Grassland and Natural Landscape, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department od Forage Crop Production Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland; Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
    Research on natural and functional values of grassy and reed phytocenoses in the “Ujście Warty” National Park in the Northern Polder, was carried out in 2013–2019. They showed that the formation of grass communities, their richness and floristic diversity, as well as natural and agricultural values, is mainly influenced by moisture, which results from the mosaic of habitats and the intensity of use. The aim of the study was to assess the floristic diversity, natural values and utility of grass communities in leasehold complexes in the “Ujście Warty” National Park in the Northern Polder in the Natura 2000 area. One of the methods of protection and renaturation of naturally valuable meadow communities is the introduction of extensive forms of mowing and pasture use. The aim of such activities is, among others, to improve floristic diversity and prevent unfavorable transformations of protocoenoses, especially in relation to areas covered by the Natura 2000 area. Single, annual mowing during the growing season, through the implementation of agri-environmental programs, does not cause significant changes in the botanical composition of the sward, but it is conducive to restoring the most valuable natural habitats as a potential habitat for bird species endangered on a national and European scale. The distinguished communities have a diversified economic and use value of Lwu ranging from 1.1 to 7.4, and some are wastelands. The calculated floristic diversity (H’) is varied and ranges from 1.3 to 3.9, and the obtained yields are sm. range from 2.8 to 14.8 t∙ha−1 .
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Opinions of Students of Selected Areas of Study on Food Security and Food Safety
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Biesiada-Drzazga, Barbara; Banaszewska, Dorota; Andraszek, Katarzyna; Zaremba, Urszula; Kaim, Sabina; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
    In every country and on every continent, food security is one of the most important and even fundamental human needs, and thus feeding people should be an overriding goal at the international, national, and even household level. Food security involves meeting three conditions – physical access to food, economic access to food, and production of healthy food ensuring a nutritionally optimal diet. The aim of the study was to assess basic knowledge of food security and safety among students of agriculture and medicine at the global and household level. The survey found a satisfactory level of knowledge on the subject of the research. Students indicate differences in the concepts of food security and safety as well as variation in economic access to food and the need to eliminate it. They indicate the causes of hunger and malnutrition, and particularly the need to ensure production of safe food. Most respondents regarded food security in their households as satisfactory and stated that an increase in income does not necessarily lead to an increase in expenditures on food. Irrespective of their area of study, the survey participants correctly identified the main causes of hunger and malnutrition in the world, as well as the regions and countries in which these phenomena occur. The main causes of hunger and malnutrition in the world were considered to be the increase in the population, authoritarian systems of government and associated armed conflicts, and unfair distribution of food.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Bladder Stones in a Nine Years Old Female Dog - Case Report
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Jundziłł-Bogusiewicz, Paulina; Gruszczyńska, Joanna; Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences
    A nine years old female dog, crossbreed, spayed admitted to a veterinary clinic with a urinary tract problem. Symptoms have been grown slowly over six months. The dog was behaved normally at home, showing no pain. In the clinic the dog had ultrasonography of the abdominal cavity, the bladder wall was thickened, no other shading structures were found. It was deciding to do a diagnostic laparotomy. As a result of surgery, 4 stones were removed from the bladder. Oval stones with blunt edges, reached about 2 cm in diameter. Often non-specific symptoms may go unnoticed for a long time by the owner, and when the dog get to the veterinary clinic we can only chirurgic remove the stones. Especially, if urolithiasis is sterile urolithiasis and fills the entire bladder.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Arthrospira - Nutritional Value, Health-promoting Properties and Possible Use as an Additive in Dog Nutrition. A Review
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Kazimierska, Katarzyna; Kępińska-Pacelik, Jagoda; Biel, Wioletta; West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Szczecin, Poland; West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Szczecin, Poland; West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Szczecin, Poland
    Arthrospira (Arthrospira platensis, trade name spirulina) is commonly called “green meat” due to its high protein content (up to about 80% of dry matter). It is used in many countries as an additive in human and animal nutrition because of its high nutritional value. Arthrospira protein is of high quality due to the optimal composition of exogenous amino acids. Additionally, Arthrospira is a good source of fatty acids (including GLA, EPA, and DHA). It is used in formulas for complete and complementary pet foods. It can be a valuable source of complete protein for dogs. Its addition can significantly delay the process of lipid oxidation and reduce the number of undesirable microorganisms in the product. The pro-health properties of Arthrospira have been demonstrated in numerous scientific studies, including its effects on hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, cardiovascular diseases, anemia, inflammatory diseases, cancer, and viral infections. The aim of this study was to characterize the nutritional values, health-promoting properties and the possibility of using Arthrospira as an additive in dog nutrition, based on a review of scientific literature.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    The effect of share of components in the mixture and harvest date on calcium and magnesium content of mixtures of field pea and spring triticale in sustainable agriculture
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Górski, Rafał; Płaza, Anna; Faculty of Engineering and Economics, Ignacy Mościcki University of Applied Sciences in Ciechanów, Ciechanów, Poland; Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
    The cultivation of mixtures of legumes and cereals contributes to biodiversity and can pro vide good-quality roughage for direct feeding of livestock. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the share of components in a mixture of pea and spring triticale and the timing of har vesting on the calcium and magnesium content of green mass. The field experiment was conducted in 2016–2018 and two factors were studied: I. The proportion of components in the mixture: field pea – 100%, spring triticale – 100%, field pea 75% + spring triticale 25%, field pea 50% + spring triticale 50%, field pea 25% + spring triticale 75%. II. Harvesting date: flowering stage of field pea, flat green pod stage of field pea. The highest content of calcium and magnesium was found in field pea, while among the mixtures, in the one with 75% of field pea and 25% of spring triticale. A higher content of the mineral elements in question was found in mixtures harvested at the field pea flowering stage compared with mixtures harvested at the stage of the flat green pod of field pea. Due to the mass relationship between macronutrients, the green mass of mixtures of pea and spring triticale should not be the only feed for livestock
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Effect of shorter or longer exposure to artificial lighting of pregnant mink (Neovison vison) on their reproductive performance
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Felska-Błaszczyk, Lidia; Department of Animal Anatomy and Zoology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
    The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the length of the period of artificial lighting of mink on their reproductive performance. The experiment was carried out on a mink farm in West Pomerania, Poland. Reproduction data of 1068 one-year-old female mink of the silverblue strain were analyzed. All females were in selection classes 7 and 8 and were mated four times, first between the 1st and 10th of March. Females were illuminated during pregnancy with artificial light such that the light day was 17 hours per day. Females were divided into two groups – one group was illuminated from March 20 to April 17, and the other from March 20 to May 15. The following reproductive indices were analyzed in relation to the length of illumination: length of diapause and gestation, litter size, number of live-born and weaned young per litter, percentage of barren females, percentage of females dead during gestation and lactation, and average length of lactation in which females died. Artificially illuminated females were characterized by longer diapause, longer gestation, larger litters, but they had higher mortality of young during maternal nursing. It was also found that females with shorter lactation reared slightly more young, and were characterized by a lower percentage of barren females and females dying during pregnancy and lactation. The analysis conducted in this study confirmed the period of illumination of pregnant mink until April 17 is sufficient in terms of reproductive performance of the females.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    The Effect of Selected Factors on Rearing Performance of Charolais Calves
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Pytlewski, Jarosław; Antkowiak, Ireneusz R.; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The aim of this study was to determine the effect of selected factors on rearing performance of Charolais calves to day 90 of life. The experimental material comprised 83 Charolais cows calving in the winter and spring seasons and calves they reared (84 head) to day 90 of life. All calves born by the experimental females were weighed at birth and then at days 30, 60 and 90 of life. Calves were also subjected to zoometric measurements. Their height at sacrum and width at hips were measured at days 10 and 30 of life. The increments for height at sacrum and width at hips between day 10 and 30 of life were calculated for the calves. Rearing indexes of the calves were assessed in terms of calf sex (heifer vs. bull calves), calving season (winter vs. spring), successive calving of the cow (1, 2, 3 and >3), parturition type (normal vs. dystocia), body condition of the cow after calving (good vs. poor). It was shown that rearing performance of Charolais calves to day 90 of life was significantly affected by their sex, calving season, parturition type and body condition of the dam during calving. The most advantageous results for the assessed rearing parameters of Charolais calves to day 90 of life were recorded for male animals born in the winter season coming from normal births and produced by dams in good body condition during parturition.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Computed tomographic, ultrasonographic and radiographic features of caprine congenital goiter and normal thyroid gland in 2-month-old goats
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Pankowski, Filip; Bartyzel, Bartłomiej J.; Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
    Goiter, that is enlargement of the thyroid gland, is one of the most common symptoms of thyroid disease in goats. It is usually caused by an iodine deficiency in the diet or the consumption of goitrogenic substances, less often by genetic factors. The development of diagnostic imaging in veterinary medicine and the increasing tendency of animal owners to perform imaging examinations create the need to describe diseases and normal organs in these examinations. The aim of the study was to present the ultrasonographic (US), computed tomographic (CT) and radiographic features of the congenital goiter and the normal thyroid gland in 2-month-old goats. The study was conducted on 18 female goats. Basic diagnostic imaging features of the thyroid gland, such as size, shape, echogenicity, echostructure and density were described. The thyroid gland with congenital goiter showed heterogeneous echostructure and reduced or normal echogenicity on US, reduced density on CT and soft tissue enlargement in the cranial neck area on radiography. Normal thyroid gland in 2-month-old goats on US had mean dimensions of 16 mm × 7 mm × 3.8 mm, homogeneous echostructure and echogenicity higher than the surrounding muscles. On CT, it had mean dimensions of 16.4 mm × 7.7 mm × 4.6 mm and mean density of 80.5 Hounsfield units (HU), while on radiography it couldn’t be differentiated from the surrounding soft tissues. US and CT enable visualization of the thyroid gland and can be used to diagnose congenital goiter in goats. The results of this study contribute to the knowledge of diagnostic imaging of the caprine thyroid gland.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    RAPD and ISSR polymorphisms in selected genotypes of Lycium sp.
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Smolik, Miłosz; Gierszewska, Paulina; Jary-Nowak, Marta; Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Due to the high value and economic importance of the plant Lycium (goji), its genome has been intensively studied in multidisciplinary research. In the present study, the structure and genetic relationships of 14 selected Lycium genotypes from different origins are presented. By using 18 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) decamers and 15 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers, 200 and 183 loci were amplified, respectively. Among the amplified loci, 45.5–49.2% were polymorphic, and 6.5–7.6% were genotype-specific. Cluster and STRUCTURE analyses performed for RAPD and ISSR revealed the genetic relationships among the genotypes. The highly significant and positive value of the Mantel’s correlation coefficient calculated for the Jaccard similarity matrices of RAPD and ISSR confirmed the suitability of using both these methods separately in this type of study. The significant values of FST statistics obtained in AMOVA for ‘among’ and ‘within’ group analysis confirmed the diversity of genotypes not only between the designated groups but also within them. This diversity provides opportunities to select interesting genotypes and conduct further studies on identifying markers for marker-assisted selection
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Monitoring proposition of the European badger (Meles meles)
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Borucka, Agata; Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa, Poland
    The paper presents proposed methods for monitoring the European badger in Poland. In addition to the characteristics of the species, habitat requirements, threats and conservation perspectives are discussed. Based on literature data, indicators were developed to provide reliable information on population size and habitat condition. Furthermore, an example of a completed observation card and the resulting assessment is provided. Data collected in the recommended manner may help to learn about the current situation of badgers in Poland and thus contribute to the implementation of appropriate measures for their protection.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Nutritional problems of large and giant breed dogs. Part I. Puppies
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Kępińska-Pacelik, Jagoda; Biel, Wioletta; Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland; Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
    Feeding dogs is not a simple matter. Dogs are one of the most diverse animal species in the world. Thousands of years of evolution of the species of domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris L.), have resulted in the fact that nowadays there are hundreds of dog breeds that differ not only in color, type of coat or character, but above all in size. No domestic animal has had a richer history of evolu tion in direct human contact than the domestic dog. Due to the growing awareness of the caregivers, the pet food market is changing dynamically. Foods are produced that are adapted to the dog’s age, lifestyle, physical activity and breed size. Despite this, often the animal’s diet is inadequate balanced. The caregivers make the mistake of choosing a food that is not adapted to the age and size of the dog. A common problem, for example, is to give puppy food to adult dogs of small breeds, although representatives of these breeds reach maturity more quickly than large breed dogs. Furthermore, the current nutritional guidelines do not provide recommended minimum and maximum amounts of any given nutrient based on the breed size of the dog. The purpose of this article is to characterize the most important nutrients, especially important in the nutrition of large and giant breed puppies.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Effect of polymorphisms in exon 8 of the PPARGC1A gene on milk production traits in cattle
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Śpiewak, Magdalena; Kowalewska, Inga; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The objective of this study was to investigate associations between genotypes of polymorphisms in exon 8 of the PPARGC1A gene and milk production traits in dairy cattle. The study was conducted in a herd of 959 Polish Holstein-Friesian of the black and white cows kept in western Poland. In this study, three polymorphisms within exon 8 of the PPARGC1A gene were analyzed: rs445204772, rs109164431 and rs133669403 and they are responsible for two missense and one synonymous type mutations. All cows were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method. The PPARGC1A polymorphisms that were studied had the following major allele frequencies: rs445204772 – allele A 0.523; rs109164431 – allele C 0.607 and rs133669403 – allele A 0.546. Statistical analysis was aimed at estimating the effect of individual genotypes on milk performance traits such as milk, protein, and fat yield as well as protein and fat content in milk. For rs445204772 polymorphism, a statistically significant effect on milk yield (P ≤ 0.05) and fat content (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01) was observed. Polymorphism rs109164431 significantly (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01) affected milk, fat, and protein yield as well as milk fat content. In the case of polymorphism rs133669403, it was found that it affects to a different degree (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01) most of the analyzed milk performance traits. The obtained results may contribute to the state of knowledge regarding the identification of the most important SNPs that could be used for the selection of marker assisted dairy cattle.